Cherry tomato planting technology in sunlight greenhouse
Cherry tomatoes have high ornamental value and rich nutritional value; they can be used as vegetables when put on the table, and can be eaten as fruits when put in the fruit plate. Sweet and sour, unique flavor, loved by people. Cherry tomatoes are currently the most popular tomato varieties to be eliminated. They can be supplied all year round. They have a single fruit weight of about 14 grams, a sugar content of up to 9.8 degrees, a lot of flesh, moderate sourness and sweetness, crisp peels, good taste, and strong results. A spike can contain up to 60 fruit or so, and a double pruning tree can have more than 500 knots. Its cultivation techniques are as follows:
1. Soil selection and cultivation
(1) Soil selection. It is advisable to have a well-lit and well-ventilated solar greenhouse with good loam and clay loam.
(2) Mouthwash arrangements. The annual production can be made. Generally, the nursery will be planted in February, planted in the middle and late March, and harvested in the middle and late May. In July, the nursery was cultivated in autumn, planted in September, and harvested in November.
2. Nursery
(1) Seed disinfection and soaking and germination. With 50? 55 ° C water species, stirring constantly, until the water temperature of 25 ° C and then soaked for 6? 8 hours, remove and wrap with a wet cloth, placed at a temperature of 27? 30? Under germination, rinse 1? 2 times a day. Seeds can be sown when exposed.
(2) Nutrition soil preparation. 40% of decomposed livestock manure or peat soil, 40% of Tianyuan Soil, 10% of large manure, and 10% of slag. After homogeneous sifting, 1-2 kg of superphosphate per cubic meter of mixed nutrient soil can be added. Into the nutrition box.
3. Sowing
Mu sowing volume is 30 45 grams, seeding bed per square meter can be sown 10-15 grams. Spread 8 cm thick nutritious soil in the seeding bed, fill the bottom water, and then add 10 g of five-generation mixture (percentage of 40% pentachloronitrobenzene and 70% Zeinzinc zinc equal to 5 grams per square meter). 15 grams of soil, fully mix, sow 1/3 before sowing for subsoil, after sowing with 2/3 of the dope to cover the soil, the seeds after sowing cover soil 1 cm, and cover the film. Remove the mulch when 60% of the seed emerges. When the seedlings grow two true leaves, they can be transplanted into the nutritional bowl.
4. Seedling management
(1) Temperature management. 30 °C during the day before emergence and 24 °C at night are favorable for emergence. After the emergence of 25 °C, 17 °C ~ 18 °C at night is appropriate.
(2) Illumination at seedling stage. Winter and spring nursery beds should be selected strong light. Summer breeding should be increased ventilation to prevent leggy, noon light is too strong to be properly shaded, to prevent roasted seedlings.
(3) Seedling water management. Keep the soil moist after sowing and dip water when transplanting seedlings. After seeping the seedlings, the top soil is watered when dry. The soil moisture is maintained, and the relative humidity of the air is controlled between 60% and 70%.
5. Colonization
(1) Planting time. In the middle and early March of March, the soil temperature in the soil in the solar greenhouse is at a minimum of 15°C and is stable for 5 to 7 days. The spring should be selected for sunny morning planting, and the summer season should be cloudy or sunny afternoon.
(2) Planting methods. A dark water colonization is better. That is, digging the hole first, pouring enough water, and then put the seedlings into the soil, planting depth to buried the soil can be.
(3) Density of colonization. Generally, a large row spacing of 100 cm, a small row of 60 cm, double dry pruning when the spacing of 50 cm or so, if the single pruning plant spacing of 40 cm or so.
6. Management after planting
(1) Plant pruning. The cherry tomatoes were mostly double-dried and pruned, ie, one collateral was selected for the first inflorescence and the remaining collaterals were removed. When you go to the side branch, wait until it grows to 6-8 cm in time. If the fork is crossed prematurely, it may cause premature plant failure; if the fork is too late, it may easily cause nutrient consumption and the plants are too long and affect fruit setting. During the annual cultivation in the solar greenhouse, the plants must be covered and discarded in time after being grown tall, and the withered and old leaves below the result branches are timely destroyed.
(2) temperature management. In winter and spring cultivation, the key to the early stage is freezing and protecting seedlings, and strive to slow seedlings as soon as possible. After planting for 3 to 4 days, no ventilation is provided. The indoor temperature is maintained at 30°C during the daytime and the night temperature is 18 to 20°C. After easing the seedlings, it is 20-25°C during the day and 13-15°C during the night. When the first inflorescence begins to flower, the indoor temperature is appropriately lowered to control vegetative growth, promote reproductive growth, and coordinate fruit and fruit relationships. In summer cultivation, it is necessary to pay attention to strengthening ventilation and prevent high temperatures from being prolonged.
(3) fertilizer and water management
1 result before. Results The former colonization water must be thoroughly irrigated, combined with soil and plant growth potential to properly supplement the water and extend the water, and control the water in order to benefit the strong, especially when it is flowering, avoid pouring water, resulting in the phenomenon of falling flowers, the top dressing time is based on the plant The growth situation and the application of basal fertilizer were decided. If seedling growth is not good enough, it is necessary to topdressing nitrogenous fertilizer and combine with chasing a small amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers.
2 after fruiting. After the first fruit is seated, the seedlings should be finished in time, and the fertilizer should be watered in time to promote fruit development. Since then, topdressing should use phosphorus and potassium fertilizers as far as possible. Every 5 to 7 days depending on soil moisture and plant growth conditions, combined with topdressing, can also be appropriate to add potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium treasure and other foliar fertilizer. Watering should be even, not suddenly large or small, to avoid sudden changes in the soil wet, otherwise there will be empty fruit after cracking.
3 flowers. Cultivation in winter and spring must be made with a settee.
7. Pest control Aphid and whitefly can be sprayed with 10% imidacloprid for 7 days. Phytophthora blight, blight spraying 25% trehalose WP 800 800 times or 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 600 times. For early blight, 45% chlorothalonil aerosol or 10% fast-kerosene can be used, 200 to 250 grams each time.
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