Fertilizer application effect is better than pesticide
The use of chemical fertilizers or organic fertilizers to control crop pests and diseases is not only economic, safe and effective, but also has the characteristics of fertilizing and not harming natural enemies and not polluting the environment. It can be said that it is worthwhile to be promoted in production.
First, nitrogen fertilizer. Ammonium-nitrogen fertilizers such as ammonium bicarbonate and ammonia have strong volatility, and have certain stimulating, corrosive and fumigating effects on pests, especially for small spiders, aphids, thrips and other pests with small body shape and weak endurance. Application method: Spray evenly with 1% ammonium hydrogencarbonate or 0.5% ammonia aqueous solution, spray once every 5 to 7 days, and spray 2 to 3 times.
Second, phosphate fertilizer. The oxalic acid secreted by the glandular hair on the tender head of cotton has an attracting effect on the cotton bollworm moth. When the cotton bollworm adult occurs, 1% to 2% of the superphosphate leaching solution is used for foliar spraying, which can change the oxalic acid into calcium oxalate and lose the pair. The lure of cotton bollworms reduced the amount of eggs in cotton fields by 33.3% to 73.4%. The duration of each spraying of phosphorus is generally 2 to 3 days.
Tomato umbilical rot is a physiological disease caused by calcium deficiency in plants. Starting from the initial flowering stage of tomato, 1% calcium perphosphate leaching solution is sprayed once every half month, and even spraying 2 or 3 times can obviously prevent the occurrence of umbilical rot.
Third, potash fertilizer. Potassium can enhance the stress resistance of crops, and the application of potassium fertilizer can inhibit the occurrence of various crop diseases and insect pests. The potash fertilizer that is directly used to control crop pests and diseases is the plant ash.
Use 10 kg of grass ash to 50 kg of water, soak for 24 hours, then filter the filtrate to spray, which can effectively kill the aphids on the crop; in the cotton seedling stage, use 20 to 25 kg of ash per acre to spread the ridge, which can improve the ground temperature and reduce Cotton blight, anthracnose, red rot, etc.; 20 kg of grass ash per acre applied to the bottom of the ditch before planting onion, garlic or leeks, or per acre in the seedling stage of onion, garlic, leeks and other vegetables 15 kg of grass ash, and then raking over the soil, can significantly reduce the damage of root mites, and increase the yield of vegetables by 15% to 20%; in the early occurrence of wheat sheath blight, 30-40 kg of grass ash per acre, in the morning dew is not dry When the ridge is scattered at the base of the wheat plant, it has a certain effect on controlling the spread of the disease; for the fruit tree with root rot, first dig the root soil, scrape off the root bark of the disease, and then dry it and then plant 2.5 to 5 kilograms of plant ash per plant. After 1 to 2 months, the diseased tree can emit new roots.
Fourth, silicon calcium fertilizer. Most of the silicon is accumulated in the epidermal cells of the crop after application of the silicon-calcium fertilizer, forming a very hard epidermal layer, thereby enhancing its ability to resist pathogens and pests. It has been shown that the application of 30-40 kg of siliceous calcium fertilizer per acre of corn, soybean and other crops can significantly reduce the damage of corn mash and pea pods; the application of silicon-calcium fertilizer in rice can increase the degree of silicification of epidermal cells, thus resisting pests and diseases. The ability is obviously enhanced, the grain weight is increased, the yield is increased by 10% to 50%, the incidence of rice blast is reduced by 0.3% to 19%, and the incidence index is decreased by 0.5% to 13.9%.
Five, zinc fertilizer. Spraying once with 0.05% to 0.1% zinc sulphate solution after sweet pepper planting and slowing the seedlings can reduce the occurrence of viral diseases and increase the fruit setting rate and single fruit weight, increasing yield by 15% to 37%.
Sixth, manganese fertilizer. When the Chinese cabbage is planted, it is sprayed with trace element manganese, or sprayed once with 0.1% to 0.2% manganese sulfate solution in the seedling stage, rosette stage and core period of Chinese cabbage, which has significant control effect on Chinese cabbage heartburn. Increased yield by 10% to 18%, and improved the quality of Chinese cabbage.
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