Henan is a hot spot for esophageal cancer
Henan is a hot spot for esophageal cancer
Lao Chen, who is 68 years old this year, discovered that his throat was uncomfortable and guilty when he swallowed hard food nearly a month ago. At first, he did not care, and he discovered that his sense of embarrassment was becoming more and more obvious. He went to the hospital and found that Lao Chen was already Advanced esophageal cancer.
In fact, Lao Chen usually has a very tough body. He rarely gets sick and he is almost out of the hospital. However, there are some habits of Lao Chen in the past few decades. They must be hot to eat, and love to drink hot Kung Fu tea. Only later learned that these hobbies and the incidence of esophageal cancer are inextricably linked.
The esophagus is a long narrow muscle tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach and has a function: peristaltic delivery of food swallowed into the stomach. Esophageal cancer is a tumor that grows on this narrow passage. As the growth of the tumor blocks the esophagus, patients with advanced severe esophageal cancer cannot even swallow a mouthful of water. It is very painful.
China is a high-incidence country for esophageal cancer. There are more than 400,000 new cases of esophageal cancer in the world each year, and more than half of them are in China. Each year, about 210,000 people in China die of esophageal cancer. How many esophageal cancers can fail to come... Let's talk about this familiar and unfamiliar tumor from the prevention of esophageal cancer and early detection. The causes of the prevention of esophageal cancer in esophageal cancer are currently unclear, and it is widely believed that the relationship with dietary habits, regions, and families is the greatest. Therefore, precautionary advice is also taken from these points.
Preventive measures:
Change foods that eat hot and overheated foods: This is a concept issue. Some people have to think that they are hot and delicious. It's not good to let them cool, and drinking tea and porridge is better than 50 degrees Celsius.
Smoking cessation alcohol: long-term smoking, high concentration of liquor is a common factor in the induction of esophageal cancer, many people know that people do very little.
Good eating habits: eat more fresh fruits and vegetables, food, eat less pickles, pickles, bacon and other foods, do not eat moldy food, this is the same with the prevention of gastric cancer.
Selenium supplementation: The generation of cell carcinogenesis is ultimately a result of DNA damage, and carcinogen-induced DNA damage is manifold, such as DNA single strand breaks, chromosomal translocations, sister chromosome exchanges, and the formation of DNA adducts. Selenium can effectively reduce the multiple DNA damage induced by carcinogens.
Promptly find and treat precancerous lesions. The precancerous lesions of esophageal cancer are Barrett's esophagus and atypical hyperplasia. The former is closely related to esophageal adenocarcinoma and most can be improved after treatment. However, the discovery of precancerous lesions requires endoscopy to find out, as described below.
How to find early
Symptom warning
The typical manifestation of esophageal cancer is progressive dysphagia, but most of these symptoms are in late-stage performance. Any disease emphasizes early detection, early diagnosis, and early treatment. The five-year survival rate of esophageal cancer such as early treatment may reach 70%. -80%, many early detection patients can live and work very well for more than ten years after surgery, so early detection is of great significance.
Some suspicious symptoms: such as slight or occasional food pharyngeal sneeze sensation; foreign body sensation in the esophagus unrelated to food intake; throat dryness and tightness in the neck; food sensation in the esophagus at a certain part of the path taken during eating, etc. It is helpful for the early detection of lesions, but the symptoms are not the best method of discovery, because the growth of esophageal cancer to a certain extent affects the swallowing will be perceived by itself.
Endoscopy
These symptoms should be paid attention to, and if you want to find something in the asymptomatic stage, you need to rely on endoscopy, esophageal endoscopy is actually a gastroscopy, gastroscopy process through the esophagus, can also occur when the esophagus lesions Observe.
Esophageal cancer develops from atypical hyperplasia, and it can be stained with iodine. Therefore, the use of iodine staining can detect esophageal cancer and precancerous lesions early. Iodine can also be performed with the aid of gastroscopy. It is a supplement to the gross evaluation of gastroscopy and it is easier to find lesions.
Some small early esophageal cancers can be opened without a chest (ie, without surgery). They can be cured only by gastroscopy. However, the indications must be well-understood. It is mainly the early patients who have the opportunity to undergo endoscopic resection. All of the early esophageal cancer can be removed by endoscopy. Some of them need surgery to cure them. Do not sacrifice the chance of radical treatment for the simple pursuit of minimally invasive surgery.
The susceptible population should pay attention to popularize anti-cancer knowledge and raise awareness of cancer prevention.
The high-incidence areas of esophageal cancer in China are mainly distributed in Taihang mountainous regions in North China (including Linzhou in Henan, Cixian in Hebei, and Yangcheng in Shanxi, etc.), Shaanxi-Yuqin-Qinling and Dabieshan in Hubei, Henan, Guangdong, Fujian and Jiangxi, and Guangdong. Chaozhou and other regions are areas where the incidence of esophageal cancer is particularly high. The hometown is a friend of these places to pay attention to, because the residents of high-incidence areas migrated to low-incidence areas, the esophageal cancer still remain relatively high, may be 5 to 8 times higher than the local residents. People with a positive family history of esophageal cancer must have this string in their heads.
"Frozen feet, not a day's cold", the occurrence and development of esophageal cancer is not an eve; therefore, all people over the age of 40, especially from people living in high-risk areas of esophageal cancer (men even more) , Usually there are like eating hot food, sauerkraut, smoking and drinking habits, there are those symptoms of discomfort, can not be taken lightly, should seek medical advice. More importantly, it is planned to regularly do a gastroscopy every 5 years or so to find that there is no dysplasia of the esophagus for timely treatment.
What are the bad habits that can cause esophageal cancer?
Do not eat hot food
Hotpot, malabar, teppanyaki, etc. are very popular with young people, and hot food can be enjoyed for the first time. Many people who are younger or have weak gastrointestinal function are also particularly fond of eating hot food and drinking hot soup in winter. The esophageal mucosa of the human body is very delicate. When food that is too hot is passed through the esophagus, it can easily scald the esophageal mucosal epithelium and cause it to break. If it is only slightly damaged, it will heal as quickly as skin abrasions, burn the surface of the mucous membranes will fall off in time, and the basal cells will rapidly proliferate, renew, and supplement. If you have long-term eating hot food, continuous stimulation will lead to over-repair, the thicker the mucous membrane, the more insensitive the response to thermal stimuli, giving the illusion that “the more you eat, the less afraid of hotâ€, slowly from superficial inflammation. , Ulcers develop into malignant hyperplasia and eventually become lesions.
Eat less salted and baked fried food
Studies have shown that in the high incidence areas of esophageal cancer in our country, the local residents' nitrite amine intake is significantly higher than other areas, long-term consumption of foods high in nitrite amines, people are more likely to suffer from esophageal cancer. Nitrite amine compounds, mainly found in pickled products, barbecues, smoked foods, fried foods, moldy foods, overnight foods, etc., to reduce the incidence of esophageal cancer, it should guard his mouth, as little as possible Eat the above food.
Healthy diet prevents cancer
According to experts, although esophageal cancer has obvious family clustering, there is no medical evidence to show that esophageal cancer is hereditary. The incidence of esophageal cancer in some patients is mainly related to family dietary habits. Apart from carcinogenic substances, the daily diet should also eat fresh fruits and vegetables and coarse grains to ensure a balanced intake of trace elements. When you find that you have frequent pharyngeal sensations when swallowing, sternal back pain, foreign body sensation in the esophagus, food passing slowly and feeling of stagnation, etc., you should go to the hospital as soon as possible to conduct a comprehensive inspection. (Source: Guosou Henan)
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