High-yield and high-sugar cultivation techniques for mulching film in winter
1. Fine site preparation. Deep plowing 20-30cm, plowing the soil, smashing and boring, and digging planting trenches at a spacing of 90-100cm, with a trench depth of 20-25cm, digging drainage ditches around the plots, with a depth of 15cm and a width of 15cm to prevent rain. Water.
2. Select the seedlings and sterilize them. Select new high-yield and high-sugar varieties, such as Xintai Sugar No.20, No.22, No.25, etc., select the stem diameter larger, no pests and diseases, fresh and full of sugarcane shoots as stems, it is best to use the early stage of the shoot For species. One day before planting, peel the cane shells from the planting path, chop the seed path into two buds with a sharp kitchen knife, and soak in 2%-3% lime water for 24 hours, and then use 50% carbendazim 1000 times liquid. Soak the seeds for 10 minutes to prevent wind pear disease.
3. Reapply basal fertilizer and apply insect repellent. Most of the nitrogen fertilizers, potash fertilizers, and all farmyard manures and phosphate fertilizers that can be applied throughout the year can be used as base fertilizers for the next time. For each hm2, 15,000-22,500 kg of fertilizer, 750 kg of phosphate fertilizer, and compound fertilizer (including nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) Each 15%) or Calcium 750-1125kg, Urea 225kg, Potassium chloride 150kg, Mixed with carbofuran or methylisothione 45-60kg and applied to the side of the planting ditch, cover the soil 8-10cm on the fertilizer surface . The mixed application of fertilizers and medicines can provide sufficient nourishment for the growth of cane seedlings, and can also control underground pests and aphids.
4. Under the seed, cover film, spraying herbicides. Winter sugarcane generally refers to sugarcane planted from “early winter†to “early springâ€. The specific planting time should be determined according to changes in temperature, agricultural activities, land and crop gargles. When planting, take a double-row character-shaped row seedlings, shoots both sides of the shoot, pay attention to seedlings not to direct contact with chemical fertilizers, 39000-42000 double buds per hm2, planting seedlings after compaction, cover soil 3 -5cm can cover the film. With the use of a special sward removal film for sugarcane with a width of 40-50cm, it is best to use a degradable grass film. When the film is covered, two people pull the film in parallel and two people cover the film in parallel. At least 20cm wide exposed surface should be left in the middle of the film to improve temperature and promote budding growth. After covering the membrane, use 7.5kg of compound herbicide in the sugarcane field or 3.75kg of Atrazine and 2.25kg of dole and 750-900kg of water per hm2 of the sugarcane field, and evenly spray on the non-covered land to prevent weed growth.
5. Cover film after field management. One is to prevent the membrane from breaking. Found that the film was opened by the wind or people trampling stepped in time to compaction with soil. Every morning, observe and observe that when there is no or little condensed water on the surface of the mulch, it is necessary to fill the horse water or water in a timely manner to meet the needs of germination and growth. The second is to help the seedlings pass through the membrane. The top of the seedling is generally easy to grow through the membrane. If individual seedlings are found to be bent and cannot be worn through the membrane, small pieces of wood can be used to pick a small hole above the seedling and gently pull the top of the seedling out of the membrane. Normal growth; the third is to fill seedlings. During the period of childbirth, seedlings shall be filled to make up for deficiency. A hole (蔸) may retain 3-4 seedlings of strong seedlings and find seedlings. They shall be planted in spare seedlings in the same batch or dug up seedlings from over-dense sites to ensure full seedlings. . In the early stage of jointing elongation, a further Dingmiao shall be carried out to remove the weak seedlings, the dense seedlings, and the late seedlings, and the hm2 seedlings shall be 82500-90000 strains. The fourth is to timely remove the film, fertilize, and cultivate the soil. Sugarcane joint extension period can be combined with fertilization, soil cultivation to remove the film, hm2 urea 375-450kg or compound fertilizer 750-900kg, and then large earth, the film can be degraded without removing the film, after fertilization can be directly soil. Fifth, prevention and control of pests and diseases. The focus is on combating M. mori, which can be sprayed with 40% of Lego to 800 times water.
6. Cut the press beforehand as appropriate. Winter filming cane is more mature than spring sugarcane, with higher sugar content. It should be cut into the plant beforehand.
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