Technical analysis of comprehensive breeding model of rice frog
Nowadays, there are various breeding modes, especially the breeding mode, such as rice-fish breeding, rice-bred breeding, rice frog breeding, etc. At present, the rice frog breeding model has been well promoted in Hunan. Let’s come together. Look at the technical analysis, existing problems and development trends of the comprehensive breeding model of rice frogs.
1. Rice frog infrastructure
(1) Paddy field selection and fence division The field of rice field frog raising should be selected to deviate from the place where human smoke resides, and the field is relatively regular, suitable in size, convenient in water supply, dry and dry, and rainless. The field should not be too large. For larger fields, the fence can be divided into several small units, and a field of about 80cm wide from the frog ditch can be left in the fence. The size is about 200m 2 , which is too large. It is not conducive to observing the activity and feeding situation of frogs in the field, which is not conducive to the artificial domestication and centralized feeding management of frog colonies. If it is too small, it will easily lead to excessive concentration of frogs and the occurrence of stamped casualties.
(2) Excavating the frog furrow frog
The construction of the frog fur frog slip can not only meet the amphibious living habits of frogs, but also facilitate the capture of frogs before the rice harvest. The construction of the frog ditch can excavate a circular frog ditch with a width of 0.6m and a depth of 0.8m along the inner side of the field, and excavate a certain number of frogs with an area of ​​about 8m 2 and a depth of 1.2m in the field. The number and size of the frog slips It can be reasonably adjusted according to the density of frog species, and the soil used for excavation can be widened, reinforced, and heightened.
(3) Building of bait table
Frogs have the habit of eating each other, and weak frogs and sick frogs are eaten by other individuals in the frog group. Secondly, the natural bait in rice fields cannot satisfy the feeding of a large number of frogs. Therefore, if the artificial feeding of the frog group cannot be carried out in time, the growth of the frog group will be unsynchronized, which will aggravate the phenomenon of self-sufficiency in the frog group. The construction of the bait station can solve the problem of fixed-point feeding, and the second is to make up for the shortage of natural bait. The nylon gauze can be cut into 2m ~ 3m length, slightly larger than the frog groove width, and the frog ditch can be stretched upright on the frog furrow at a certain distance, or directly use the field surface of the anti-escape net to lay the material table. The specification and quantity of the material table can be reasonably adjusted according to the size of the field, the shape of the field and the density of the frog.
(4) Anti-floating facilities and intake and drainage systems
The frogs are good at jumping, and they have the habit of hiding in the wet grass and loose soil during the day. Therefore, when constructing the anti-escape belt with a nylon gauze, the nylon gauze must be buried in the soil of the field, about 20cm, and Ensure that the height of the ground part is between 1m and 1.2m, and then fix it with bamboo rafts, wooden sticks, steel pipes, etc. every 1.5m. In addition, a smooth material such as a plastic film can be used to cover the inner edge of the anti-escape nylon yarn at the ground edge of 10 cm to 15 cm to prevent individual frogs from climbing and escaping. The inlet and outlet are set in the high and low places of the field according to the principle of “high in and low outâ€, and the isolation net is used to prevent foreign pests and other impurities from entering the field.
(5) Arrangement of bird repellent devices
There are many natural enemies of cockroaches and young frogs. Snakes, birds, scutellaria and rats will cause considerable losses to young frogs. Therefore, in the construction of frog anti-escape facilities, the natural enemies of frogs should be better prepared. In the drive for the enemies such as birds, it is possible to install an ultrasonic bird repeller with little impact on human life, but in view of the working principle of the ultrasonic bird repeller, an ultrasonic pulse is used to interfere with the stimulation and destruction of the bird's nervous system. The physiological system makes its physiological disorder to achieve the purpose of repelling birds without harming the birds. The effect of repelling birds is long-lasting, but it is slow. Therefore, in the area where the comprehensive cultivation of rice frogs will be carried out, it should be used about one month in advance to achieve the effect of repelling birds. For the area where the bird repellers are ineffective, the bird repeller can be arranged by arranging sky nets, hanging ribbons, and placing reflectors. .
Second, the selection and placement of frog species
After the rice is planted for 10 to 15 days, the seedlings can be revived and the frog species can be placed in the sunny day. Frog species should choose high-yield, adaptable, strong, active, healthy and disease-free breeding of young frogs. Before stocking, use a low-irritant disinfectant such as 2% to 3% saline or 0.5ppm potassium permanganate solution for 5 minutes to 10 minutes. In the process of frog seeding, the density of the frog should be strictly controlled. It should not be too small or too large. If the density is too small, it is not easy to domesticate the frog. If the frog cannot be timely and domesticated in the rice field, it will easily return the frog to its dormant night. The natural nature of the production is difficult to artificially feed later. If the density is too large, it will easily aggravate the phenomenon of squad competition, trampling, and residual food. The excrement will also increase the living environment load, leading to environmental deterioration, easy breeding of bacterial viruses, and thus increasing the probability of frog disease. Therefore, the control of frog population density should take into account various environmental factors and human factors such as water quality, rice field pests, wind direction and artificial feeding.
Third, the daily management
(1) Domestication and feeding
The frog species that are placed are generally domesticated after being domesticated by the frog breeding field. However, after the frog species is placed in the field, the frog species must have a certain density, and the fixed-point feeding and domestication should be carried out in time. After feeding the bait, observe the activity of the frog group. If the frog does not go to the feeding platform, a small amount of live bait such as cockroach, maggot and yellow mealworm can be placed in the artificial compound feed of the frog, so that the artificially-mixed batch is in the live bait. Under the movement, it changes from a static state to a motion state, and then the frog finds food. When the frog group is domesticated, it can jump to the material table and start to gradually reduce the number of live baits. At this time, the feed on the material table is under the movement of the frog group. It can be changed into a state of motion, thereby completing the domestication of the artificial compound feed for the frog group.
The domesticated frog group can be fed once a day in the morning and afternoon at the same time. It should be eaten in an hour or so. The average feeding amount is 2% to 3% of the body weight, which can be based on the field water quality conditions. The amount of bait and the feeding situation of the frog were adjusted appropriately. In addition, black light can be installed near the field table to induce the frogs to eat freely under the insect concentration lamp.
(2) Field management and disease prevention
The living habits of the frog group are basically consistent with the demand for the field water level in the rice growth cycle. The deep water level is not only harmful to the aerobic respiration of rice roots, but also affects the absorption of nutrients in rice fields and affects the growth of rice. Although frogs belong to amphibians, most of them still inhabit the land during the growth cycle, and the deep field water level will not be conducive to the growth of frogs. Therefore, rational regulation of the field water level plays an important role in the successful implementation of the ecological breeding technology of rice frog symbiosis. Some data indicate that the optimum growth temperature of frogs is 22 °C ~ 28 °C. Therefore, during the hot and hot season in summer, the field water level can be appropriately increased during the day to cool the frog group, and at night, the water level needs to be lowered to facilitate the frog group to prey on the rice in the field at night. When the temperature is low, the water level can be appropriately increased, and the water exchange in the field should be avoided as much as possible to utilize the larger specific heat of the water body to accumulate heat to provide the frog group with the ambient temperature required for growth.
Frogs have fewer epidemics and are generally less susceptible to disease during the breeding process. Therefore, in daily management, prevention should be the main focus, and attention should be paid to the regulation of the water quality of the aquaculture water. The micro-ecological preparations such as Bacillus can be used to improve the water quality according to the water quality conditions, and new water can be injected into the rice fields without interruption to make the rice fields The water body can exchange microcirculation throughout the year. Frogs like a clean, clean environment, do not like to be disturbed, deteriorated water quality may seriously affect the frog's feeding, and even cause the disease. Secondly, some vitamins, immune polysaccharides and other biological agents that can improve the immunity of frogs can be added to the daily-injected frog material, and the frog ditch, frog slippery and material table can be disinfected regularly. For the prevention and control of rice blight, bio-pesticide or high-efficiency, low-toxic, broad-spectrum, low-residue, stimulating pesticides for frogs should not be used. Do not apply pyrethroid-to-frog irritant pesticides and apply to the field before application. Carry out deep water and trapping frogs to the frog ditch and frog slip.
Fourth, discussion and analysis
According to the current domestic promotion of rice frog symbiosis, the comprehensive breeding model of rice fields is still relatively successful. In nature, there is a symbiosis between rice and frogs. Therefore, from the perspective of economic efficiency and cost accounting, compared with other rice paddy comprehensive breeding models, the rice frog model may have more potential for exploration and more promotion significance, and it will become an ideal rice field comprehensive breeding model.
Although the rice frog model can well reflect the comprehensive breeding of rice fields, it will also be an ideal rice field comprehensive breeding model, but at the same time there are still many problems in the actual implementation process. The second is how to solve the problem that the lack of experience leads to the return of the frog group to the nighttime nature; the third is how to solve the problem of the frog's seed on the spot; the fourth is how to induce the frog group to eat artificially more efficiently. The problem of the ingredients and so on. Therefore, the rice frog model of rice field comprehensive breeding methods still needs to be explored in the process of promotion and development.
The above content is reproduced from the headline Haojishan Huayao, only for the reference of farmers!
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