Winter corn planting conditions and management measures
Climatic conditions: planting winter corn should choose warm winter, no frost or short-term frost all year round, riversides, river valleys and hot dam areas below 1,100 meters above sea level, annual average temperature above 18 ℃, low temperature above 6 ℃ in January, all can be Plant winter corn.
Optimal sowing: The sowing period of winter sowing corn. First, consider the time when winter cropping and spring are connected. If the sowing is too late and the maturity period is delayed, it will not catch up with the normal sowing season of spring crops. Second, it is necessary to find out the month and duration of the local low temperature, to avoid the encounter between the flowering period and the low temperature period of corn, resulting in poor flowering and fruiting, low yield or no harvest. Third, it is necessary to grasp the growth period of the variety, which can avoid the low temperature, and will not mature too late, which is good for spring planting.
Film mulching cultivation: In winter sowing, we must insist on intensive cultivation and ensure the quality of sowing, so that the ground is fine, and the furrow is opened. Use "three tides" for sowing and mulching for cultivation to strive for complete, uniform and strong seedlings, and reasonable dense planting. Plant 5000-5500 plants per mu. In addition, pay attention to the prevention and control of rats before sowing and the prevention and control of underground pests after emergence.
Irrigation and top dressing: timely irrigation and top dressing. In order to make winter corn seedlings strong, healthy plants, large ears and full grains, it is very important to strengthen water and fertilizer management. Topdressing begins 15 to 20 days after emergence. Due to the dry climate in winter and spring, fertilization in the seedling stage should eat less and eat more meals. Fertilizers should be 3 cm from the roots and be perforated or watered 2-3 times to make the seedlings grow stronger before entering low temperature and enhance the cold resistance. When the temperature just starts to rise and the corn enters the jointing round stalk stage, top dressing should be applied again and watering frequently.
Artificial pollination: the winter sowing area has a dry and windy climate in spring, and pollen is much less than that of spring sowing, which is not good for corn pollination. The atmosphere is dry, you can use a sprayer to spray at 11 o'clock in the morning to increase the humidity, make the filaments moist, and improve the pollination rate. It is necessary to seize the blooming period for artificial auxiliary pollination to increase the seed setting rate.
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