Types of oyster mushrooms

Strictly speaking, Pleurotus ostreatus specifically refers to a kind of Pleurotus ostreatus. But in daily life, other species and varieties of genus Pleurotus are also known as oyster mushrooms. There are more than 40 species of genus Pleurotus, of which about 10 species are edible. At present, there are mainly the following varieties in China.

Agaricus

The oyster mushroom, also known as Pleurotus ostreatus, is a new species of edible mushroom imported from Japan by the Chinese brand name Lyophllumdggregatum (secr) Kuhner. In Japan, the mushroom is comparable to matsutake mushroom.

The mushroom fruit body has two parts: the cap and the stipe. Cap diameter 0.5cm ~ 15cm, flat spherical or trumpet shape, after the flat, was kidney-shaped or fan-shaped, the central subsidence, the surface is smooth, slightly concave part of the white villi. The color of the cap was initially black (rat-colored) or light blue, then gradually lightened, gray or gray-brown. Cover margin is thin, initially involute, sometimes cracked; fungus flesh white, thick; pleated white, unequal length, prolonged growth. The stipe is partial or close to mesozoic, and it is almost as thick as 1 cm to 2 cm in length, 3 cm to 6 cm in length, and it is white and solid, sometimes forming an uplifting vein on the stipe.

The mushroom mushroom has strong antibacterial ability, and the cultivation method is simple and easy. The products sell well in the international market and have remarkable economic benefits. They have become the rising star in the Chinese edible fungus industry. In recent years, Chinese mushroom cultivation has developed rapidly and spread over more than ten provinces and cities north of the Yangtze River. It is mainly produced in Liaoning, Hebei, Henan, Shanxi, and Shandong provinces. China exports more than 10,000 tons of salted shiitake mushrooms each year. Cultivation of oyster mushrooms is a labor-intensive and technology-intensive industry. All raw materials that can cultivate oyster mushrooms can be used to cultivate oyster mushrooms, which is a good way to create rich foreign exchange.

Fungal Pleurotus sajor-caju (Fr) Sing, also known as Pleurotus ostreatus, ring handle Pleurotus ostreatus, ring handle mushroom. Morphological characteristics: Capule umbilical to funnel-shaped, diameter 3cm ~ 15cm, gray-brown, dry to yellowish to pale yellow, smooth, with no obvious stripes, fleshy. Fungi white, with aroma. Stipe short, cylindrical, length 1cm ~ 4cm, lateral, internal real. Often with fungus ring. The spores are cylindrical, colorless, smooth, and the spores are white. Growth habits: solitary, gregarious or clustered on the decayed wood of broad-leaved trees, growing well on straw, cottonseed husks and other crop straws.

Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacg.exFr.) Quel, also known as Pleurotus ostreatus, abalone mushroom, yellow frozen fungus, poplar mushroom and so on. Morphological characteristics: large fruit body, cap flat hemispherical, kidney-shaped, horn-shaped or fan-shaped to flat, diameter 4cm ~ 20cm, early blue-black, later faded, mature white or gray. The flesh has a smooth surface and the concave part is slightly velvet white. Fungus meat white, hypertrophy, smell of bacteria. Stipe short, length 2cm ~ 6cm, white, smooth, base minister with white hair, lateral or partial, internal, often connected at the base, so that the cover overlap. Spores are nearly cylindrical, colorless and smooth. Growth habits: The fruiting bodies are tile-like clusters and are a low-temperature variety.

Delicious Pleurotus

Delicious Pleurotus sapidus (Schulz) Sacc. (Figure 9-1), also known as white mushroom, frozen fungus and so on. Morphological characteristics: fruiting body cap flat hemispherical, extending after the base of the concave, diameter 3cm ~ 13cm, lead gray when young, then gradually gray to white, sometimes slightly light brown. Succulent, smooth, thin edge, smooth, involute when young, later wavy. Fungus meat and bacteria pleats are all white. Stipe short, significantly more or lateral, length 2cm ~ 5cm. The spores are rectangular, colorless to slightly purple, and spores are lavender. Living habits: The fruiting body is covered with shrubs, mostly in the late autumn and early spring, and is a low-temperature variety.

Pleurotus pulmonarius (Fr.) Que'l., also known as willow fungus. Morphological characteristics: Fruiting body Cap flat hemispherical, obovate, kidney-shaped or fan-shaped, gradually flattening, diameter 4cm ~ 8cm, gray to grayish yellow, smooth. Stipe very short or sterile stalk, with white villi, lateral. The flesh is thick and white. Spores are nearly cylindrical and colorless. Growth habits: The fruiting bodies are tiled and clustered on the broad-leaved tree trunks, often in summer and autumn. The fruiting bodies grow as usual above 20°C to 25°C and are a high-temperature variety.

The golden ear ear (Pleurotus citrinopileatus Sing.), also known as jade mushroom, yellow mushroom, yellow frozen fungus, willow fungus, etc., is a kind of wild edible fungus that is native to the northeast forest area.

Golden ear ear ear is rich in nutrition and delicious. Morphological characteristics: Fungus cap funnel-shaped, diameter 3cm ~ 12cm, grass yellow to golden yellow, smooth, fleshy. Bacteria and bacteria pleats are white, with aromas. Stipe length 2cm ~ 10cm, partial, white to pale yellow, often connected at the base. Spores are cylindrical, colorless, smooth, and spores are white. Growth habits: Multiple fruiting bodies, often occurring in the summer and early autumn seasons. The mycelial growth temperature ranged from 10°C to 32°C. The fruiting body has a growth temperature of 12°C to 28°C, and an optimum growth temperature of 20°C to 25°C. It is a high temperature type bacterium.

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