Warm and cold should pay attention to water temperature regulation
When the winter comes, the most important job for pig farms is undoubtedly thermal insulation. Insulation involves three aspects: water temperature, bed (sleeping table) temperature and room temperature. In terms of its importance, the most important thing is the water temperature, followed by the bed (sleeping table) temperature, and finally the room temperature. Therefore, I believe that winter pigs should pay attention to water temperature regulation.
Like humans, pigs are warm-blooded animals, so the drinking water of pigs should be warm water, and the optimal water temperature is the body temperature of pigs. If the water temperature is too high or too low, it will have a negative impact on live pigs. If we can't guarantee that live pigs drink warm water anytime and anywhere, we must also ensure that weaned piglets drink warm water at the same temperature as the body temperature at any time and at the same time. At the same time, we must ensure that the nursing sows drink warm water as close to body temperature as possible during the winter and spring season.
Water for piglets before weaning is solved through breast milk. For piglets, breastmilk is undoubtedly the best food. It is not only nutritionally comprehensive, but also balanced in various nutrients (including water). If piglets do not feed or have special conditions such as dehydration (vomiting, diarrhoea), it is in principle not. Need to add water alone. The temperature of breast milk is the sow's body temperature (about 39 degrees Celsius), while the body temperature of piglets is about 40 degrees Celsius, and there is almost no difference between the two. However, once weaned pigs drink cold water on weaning, it will bring a series of negative effects, such as cold stress, decreased immunity, pigs are prone to become ill; cold water stimulates the gastrointestinal tract, causing diarrhea, which can lead to too much death; cold water mouth feels bad, Piglets do not like to drink, resulting in insufficient drinking water, thus affecting feed intake and directly affecting the growth rate. After cold water enters the gastrointestinal tract, the biological energy provided by the body's feed can heat cold water to body temperature (about 40 degrees Celsius), resulting in a material to meat ratio. Increased.
In addition to piglets that should drink warm water, other stages of live pigs should also drink warm water, at least to ensure that nursing sows drink warm water in winter. Because of the insufficient energy contained in the feed, cold sows in the cold season drink cold water, and the body must use energy to convert to heat to protect the cold. First, the sow's milk quality is poor. The highest dry matter content in mammalian milk is milk fat, followed by milk protein. Milk fat is derived from the energy in the feed. Each nursing sow needs to drink more than 20 kilograms of water a day. If drinking cold water, it must be “heated†to the sow's body temperature with the energy provided by the feed. When the energy in the feed is heavily used to heat cold water, the quantity and quality of breast milk (cream fat content) will be greatly reduced. It is manifested in the piglets that there is severe diarrhoea (dystrophic diarrhea), dense hair and long hair, and loss of fur. Luster, weight loss, and mortality rates remain high.
The second is to cause the sow to lose weight too quickly. Due to the poor cold water mouth, the lack of drinking water by the nursing sows results in insufficient feed intake, and a large amount of energy is consumed in heating the cold water, thus seriously affecting the quality of the milk. Sows use large amounts of body fat to convert into fat, which inevitably results in a rapid weight loss of the sow, delayed estrus after weaning, and affects the number of litters born in the next birth.
To sum up, the author believes that there are three issues that need to be solved for the pigs to drink warm water: First, drinking water disinfection. At present, water pollution is relatively serious, especially when microorganisms are generally exceeded. After the water temperature is raised, although the proliferation of the virus will be inhibited to a certain extent, at the same time, the proliferation of the bacteria will be enhanced at more suitable temperature conditions; the second is to ensure that live pigs drink warm water as close as possible to the body temperature whenever and wherever possible; It is the last week of piglet conservation that the water temperature automatically decreases by about 2 degrees Celsius, allowing the nursery piglets to gradually adapt to the cold water environment of the finishing house.
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