Development characteristics and classification of clinical biochemical analyzer

Practice has confirmed that the automation of medical testing is the only way for the development of modern medicine. Therefore, many new and higher requirements have been put forward for the analysis work, and the development of biochemical analyzers has also been promoted. The new biochemical analyzers are constantly updated, with great improvements in sensitivity, accuracy and automation. In particular, the use of computers can be used not only to control operations (such as automatic zero adjustment, automatic scanning, automatic control of slits, automatic compensation, automatic replacement of light sources and photoelectric converters, automatic alarms for incorrect operation and abnormal state of the instrument, etc.). Moreover, data processing can be performed to form a complete automated analysis device. In order to make the future use more reasonable, the classification development of clinical biochemical automatic analyzer is summarized.

1   Development characteristics of clinical biochemical analyzer

For a long time, clinical chemistry tests have mostly relied on manual methods to complete operations. These operations are affected by factors such as technical proficiency and job responsibility, and often result in certain errors. With the increase of clinical biochemical projects and the increase and improvement of the quantity and quality of inspections, it is often difficult to meet clinical needs by manual operation. According to the operational points of biochemical tests, most of these tests are inseparable from sample processing. (including dilution, concentration and deproteinization, etc.). Add the clinical biochemical reagents to carry out the reaction (such as color development, stirring, heating, etc.), and test the reaction products (such as colorimetric, turbidity, change in absorbance before and after the reaction, etc.). Data processing (such as input and output of data, correction and compensation of results, including reporting). Specific operations such as cleaning the reaction cup (such as taking waste liquid, adding cleaning liquid and pure water, and drying the reaction cup). These operations can be combined as appropriate. With the continuous improvement and improvement of analytical methods, combined with electronic computers and display means, many automatic analytical instruments can be manufactured.

With the development of various types of automatic biochemical analyzers, it has been quite perfect. Their common feature is to make the main operations in clinical biochemical tests mechanized and automated. These include quantitative absorption of specimens, transfer to the reaction cup or reaction piping system, separation of the interferences in the reaction by precipitation or filtration centrifugation, chromatography, dialysis, etc., and quantitative absorption of clinical biochemical diagnostic reagents . Mix with the specimen, automatically control the reaction at a certain temperature for a certain period of time, through the visible light, ultraviolet light, flame photometer, fluorescence, scattered light or oxygen electrode, ion selective electrode, enzyme electrode, isotope counting and other detection techniques, the reaction end point, the beginning The speed or reaction process is monitored, the functions of the instrument are programmed by means of an electronic computer, the operation and reaction process of the instrument are controlled, the experimental data is processed or judged, and the results are displayed or printed in a digital tracing curve, and the sample is measured and reacted. The container, the cleaning of the piping system and the preparation for the next use. The application of the automatic analyzer greatly improves the accuracy, precision and work efficiency of clinical biochemical tests, and adapts to the quality and quantity of experimental diagnosis for the development of clinical medicine.

2 Classification of biochemical analyzers

It is currently difficult to classify a wide variety of automated biochemical analyzers with different functions, as any classification may be partial and generally classified as follows.

According to the degree of automation, it is divided into automatic and semi-automatic biochemical analyzers. Semi-automatic biochemical analyzers mostly rely on manual completion of sample and reaction mixture delivery, or manual observation and calculation results; some operations can be automatically completed by the instrument, characterized by small size. The structure is simple, the flexibility is large, and the price is cheap. The whole process of the automatic biochemical analyzer from the sample loading to the result is completely completed by the instrument. Since there is no manual operation step in the analysis, the subjective error is very small, and since the instruments generally have advanced clinical biochemical analysis systems , It can automatically report abnormal conditions and automatically correct its working status, so the system error is also small, which brings great convenience to users.