Early spring and high yield technology of cucumber in greenhouse
I. Variety selection
Selection of high-yield, disease-resistant, low-temperature and low-light resistance, good quality of early maturing varieties, planted varieties in Yichun City, Changchun Mimi, Jinyou and Jinyan series.
Second, timely sowing
The Yichun area is generally sown in late February and early March. The age of seedlings is about 45 days, and about 150 grams per 667 square meters is used.
1. Bed soil preparation: Prepare nutrient soil before sowing, and use 6 fields of soil (preferably garlic soil or peat soil) for nutrient soil, 3 parts of decomposed organic fertilizer, and 1 part of decomposed horse manure in nutritious soil. Plus appropriate amount of superphosphate, diammonium phosphate. After the nutrient soil is properly prepared, it must be disinfected. The commonly used seedlings in the production of enemy mixed soil, 80-100 grams per cubic meter of the amount of full mixing, can prevent damping-off seedling disease, blight and so on. Cucumber roots have a weak ability to regenerate, and nutrients or paper tube nursery should be used to store the nutrient soil in the warm place for 7-10 days before mounting or removing the nutrient soil. Cover 1-2 layers of mulch to increase ground temperature. For example, if the ground temperature is too low, heating by brewing substances or heating by electric heating lines may be used.
2. Seed treatment: The selected seeds will be sterilized, which can be sterilized with warm soup or disinfected with chemicals. The method is as follows: Dry cucumber seeds soaked in warm water at 55°C for 15 minutes (be careful not to stir) or soaked with 10% trisodium phosphate for 30 minutes, and then rinse with clean water several times at 28-30°C Soaking in water for 4-6 hours, remove and drain the purified water and package it at 28-30°C. The germination should be carried out 2-3 times in the germination process to make the heat even and increase the oxygen permeability to prevent mildew. After the seeds germinate, select sunny sowing.
3, sowing techniques: cucumber sowing requires a 5 cm deep ground temperature not less than 15 °C, or budding slow and uneven, prone to rotten seed phenomenon, sow the bottom water, each nutrient cartridge (tube) put a seed bud Insert the seed buds into the nutrient soil with the end buds facing downwards, cover the nutrient soil that has been sterilized by 1.5 centimeters, and then cover the mulch to keep it warm.
Third, nurture strong seedlings
Pre-emergence temperature is maintained at 28-32°C during the day and 17-20°C at night. The mulching films are removed in time after emergence. The temperature drops to 22-25°C during the day and falls to 15-17°C during the night. At other times, the daytime temperature is 23-25°C. Temperature 15-17 °C. The temperature during the seedling period is kept at 20-23°C as much as possible. Pay attention to proper ventilation, reduce the temperature and humidity, the first true leaves after the start, the use of large temperature differential nursery, the temperature difference between day and night remain at 5-8 °C, in case of continuous rain and snow, fluorescent lamps or incandescent lamps should be used to fill light. In spring, the temperature is low, and there are many female flowers in cucumber. Therefore, it is not necessary to increase the female flower and other agents to increase female flowers. Planting seedlings should be conducted 7-10 days before planting to increase the ventilation and cooling rate.
Fourth, timely planting
In Yichun City and its surrounding areas, the time for planting spring cucumber in a single-layer ordinary greenhouse is about April 20, and greenhouses with multiple layers or temporary warming and heat preservation facilities can be properly planted in advance. Before planting, 5,000 kg of organic fertilizer was applied per 667 square meters of greenhouse, 100 kg of superphosphate, 100 kg of NPK fertilizer, and the ground was sprayed with Greenhenge No. 1 or Dukessson for soil disinfection. Conditional film coverage and drip irrigation. Select sunny morning planting, planting the depth of non-buried cotyledon is appropriate, planting about 4,000 per 667 square meters.
V. Field Management
1. Temperature regulation: Closed greenhouses 5-7 days after planting, heat preservation and moisturizing, promote mild seedlings, the maximum temperature within the shed is not higher than 35°C, and the minimum temperature is above 12°C. If the temperature is too low, it can be added in the initial stage of planting. Membrane or covered with a small shed. After easing the seedlings, the shed still needs a higher temperature, 25-28°C during the day, 15°C during the night, and a minimum temperature of not less than 10°C. As the temperature rises and the plants grow, pay attention to ventilation and the daytime temperature is higher than Appropriate ventilation at 30°C. When the temperature is higher than 15°C at night, it is necessary to increase the amount of ventilation. In case of rainy days, proper ventilation is required.
2. Fertilizer and water management: After easing the seedlings, pour the seedlings once and slowly, and combine the watering to apply the seedlings once. Apply 15 kg of diammonium phosphate per 667 square meters. After that, cultivating the seedlings till the roots are 5-10 cm long. Choose sunny morning morning fertilizer and water, but the amount should not be too large. After every 10-15 days, topdressing one time, each 667 square meters of urea 10 kg, after root melon harvest, weekly pouring water into the melon period, every 2-4 days watering once.
3, plant adjustment: when the seedlings 6-7 true leaves, the plants are easy to lodging, should be tied in time sling vines, combined with vines in a timely manner to remove the tendrils and remove the root vine below the side of vine, the upper side of the lateral vine can leave a melon-vine Topping, the main vine grows to the top of the plant, when the plants up to 23-25 ​​true leaves, topping or put vines, the middle and later stages of the melon should be removed most of the old yellow leaves, in order to facilitate ventilation and light, reduce the incidence of disease.
4. Disease and Pest Control: Take prevention as the main, comprehensive prevention and control, select disease-resistant varieties, cultivate disease-free strong seedlings, implement strict field management, timely cultivating and weeding, and strengthen fertilizer and water management. In the early stage of the disease, use chemical agents to prevent and treat it. 1 Fusarium wilt disease: Irrigation with 600 times the root withered wilt, 5-7 days once, control effect is good. 2 gray mold: spray moths, flowering speed, etc. can be effectively controlled. 3 Downy mildew: alternating spraying with Precore or Kelu shows better control. 4 Powdery mildew: spraying with 25% triadimefon 2000 times liquid level. 5 Diseases: Foliar spraying with 40% Phytophthora 800 times liquid. 6 Insect pests: mainly aphids, spraying with 40% Dimethoate EC 1000 times or 20% Difluscar EC 2000 times at the initial stage of pest damage.
6. Harvesting
To achieve the best commercial traits, timely harvest, root melon to early harvest is appropriate.
Shaoxing Wine 5Yrs,Ten Years Old Rice Wine,Small Box Of Yellow Rice Wine,Glutinous Rice Wine
Zhejiang Shanying Trading Co.,Ltd. , https://www.shanyingtrading.com