How to adjust vegetable management in greenhouses under low temperature and low light
With the coming of a new round of cooling weather, haze weather will gradually increase. For a long time in the future, facility vegetable production will be affected by low temperature and low light conditions. This kind of weather is extremely unfavorable to the growth of vegetables. How should vegetable farmers deal with the low temperature and low sunshine weather?
Extend the light time both inside and outside
The frequent occurrence of haze and continuous cloudy weather has a greater impact on the intensity of light, which often results in serious insufficient light in the shed, less accumulation of photosynthetic products of vegetables, slower natural growth, lower yield, and worse resistance to stress.
Increase the light intensity as much as possible. In a cloudy day, the intensity of the scattered light is only 3000 lux-5000 lux, which is slightly higher than the light compensation point. Therefore, if the temperature conditions allow, the vegetable grower should try to pull up the heat preservation quilt, extend the light time, and let the vegetables ****** Receive light to the limit.
Improve the transmittance of the shed film. Do two things: First, wipe the outside of the shed film. The conventional method is to install dust cloth strips on the shed. When the dust removal cloth swings with the wind, it can remove most of the dust on the shed film, but it should be noted that the interval time of the dust removal cloth should be changed to the lower position to ensure that the dust on the shed film is cleaned thoroughly.
The second is to improve the dripping inside the shed film. The shed film has already been replaced, so as to reduce the obstacles in the process of dew dripping as much as possible, which can improve the dripping property of the shed film. For example, reduce the contact area between the shed film and the frame of the shed surface to ensure the smooth flow of dew on the inside of the shed film. Reduce the use of chemicals containing sulfur and chlorine, because chemicals containing sulfur and chlorine will reduce the performance of the greenhouse film and affect the dripping properties of the greenhouse film.
The temperature rises and falls to ensure a balanced plant growth
Although it is very important to strengthen the insulation of the shed after entering the winter, in the low-light weather, timely cooling can effectively prevent the vegetables from growing excessively.
Under high temperature and low light environment, vegetables are the easiest to grow long. In the future, the number of low-light days will increase, and the temperature should be appropriately lowered to avoid unbalanced growth of cucumber plants. When the temperature of the shed rises to 16~17℃ during the day, open the air vent, which can balance the growth of the plants, Supplement the carbon dioxide in the shed and reduce the humidity. On the contrary, if blindly keeping warm during the day makes the shed temperature higher, vegetables are prone to grow excessively.
Similarly, the night temperature should also be appropriately lowered, but this requires flexible adjustment of the lowering time of the insulation quilt in accordance with the conditions of the respective sheds to ensure that the minimum temperature in the shed at night is between 12 and 15 ℃, not too high, otherwise, plants will appear In the case of leggy growth, the fruit development speed slows down and the yield decreases.
In addition, the cooling management is carried out when the plants are growing normally. If the plants are growing weakly or there are other conditions, vegetable farmers should take additional measures.
Supplement nutrition to improve plant resistance
Under low-temperature and low-sunlight weather, the shed has little ventilation and high humidity, and vegetable farmers are restricted in watering and fertilizing, spraying medicine to prevent diseases, etc., which affects the normal growth of plants and greatly increases the probability of occurrence of diseases, such as gray mold, early blight, and downy mildew Diseases and bacterial diseases. The occurrence of many diseases is largely due to the synthesis and low accumulation of organic nutrients in vegetables. Soil nutrients are also greatly affected due to insufficient organic nutrients. Insufficient nutrients make the resistance of vegetable plants continue to decline, creating a good opportunity for disease infection .
Therefore, under low-light conditions, the photosynthesis of the plants is weak, the roots supply few nutrients, the roots lack energy supply, and absorb less inorganic nutrients. At this time, in order to ensure the nutrients needed for vegetable growth, vegetable farmers need to pay attention to supplementing the leaf surface of the vegetables. Nutrition, which can quickly alleviate the lack of nutrients in vegetables, improve leaf resistance and reduce disease occurrence. In this regard, vegetable farmers can spray full-nutrient foliar fertilizer to supplement the deficiency of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium; at the same time, they should also supplement organic nutrition, spray organic nutrients such as glucose, amino acids, nucleotides in advance, and these can directly supplement The organic nutrition of the leaves can improve its resistance to stress.
Diseases should also be prevented early. Vegetable farmers need to develop a good habit of paying attention to weather forecasts, paying close attention to changes in the weather, and spraying fungicides in advance when the weather comes with low temperature and low sunshine to prevent diseases.
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