Liao Lu's character difference
Difference of characters
Identification points:
The main characteristics of Luzhou Lulu are four: First, the roots are inverted conical, the old root is split into larger pieces; the second is dark brown, extremely rough, with diamond-shaped mesh cracks; the third is slightly enlarged root tip, the top There are numerous white hairs; four are light and brittle, cracks in cross-section, gas-specific, defeated oil and gas, slightly bitter taste.
The Luzhou Lulu is a cylindrical, brown earth, with longitudinal wrinkles; root slightly enlarged, there are many brown silk-shaped objects at the top, so there is a "Liao Lu wearing buckets," the popular pipa; quality tough, cross-section fibrous, Yellow and white radial stripes, no gas, slightly astringent taste.
Famous code identification:
1. "Shen Nong's Herbal Classic": "Leak lu tastes bitter and cold. The main skin is hot, badly wounded, cramped, and under the milk... a wild blue. The valley is born."
2. Liang "Doctors don't record": "Liaolusheng Qiaoshan Valley, rooted in August, dry."
3. Tao Hongjing said: "Qiaoshan should be the place where the Yellow Emperor was buried, but it is in the county. This time it is near the road. The city people take the seedlings. The root name of the deer is rooted in the vulgar, and bitter wine is used to cure the scabies."
4. Tang Sugong said: "This medicine is commonly known as Artemisia halodendron. Its stems and leaves resemble Artemisia sphaerocephala. Its yellow flowers and oysters are as long as finely mowed. It is as large as a mushroom, and it has four or five petals. After July and August, it is black and different. In all the grasses, such as Artemisia also used in its stems and leaves and son, no roots, its deer pupa, Shannan that the wood Lulu, toxic, non-leaking Lu Ye also. Lu, also not."
5. Song Su Songxi: "Today there are both Dongzhou County and Qin and Haizhou. The old saying is that the stems and leaves are like Artemisia annua, and the flowers are yellow, and if the stems are large, the room type is linseed and small. On the map, the only difference between the single states is that the flowers in Yeoju are similar to the peony, and the flowers in Qinzhou are like single-leafed cold chrysanthemums, purple and fifty-seven branches are of the same thousand.The people in Haizhou are purple, such as single-leaf lotus flowers. There are white and velvety roots under the roots and roots, the roots are as green and fine, and the kind of green onions are black, and the Huaidian people call them old flowers. The flowers produced in Sanzhou are different, but the leaves are quite similar, and their roots are meat. The white skin is dark, and the dry skin is black, such as Scrophulariae, and the flowers are dried in July and August. The lotus leaves and roots of Qiaozhou and Haizhou are quite similar. However, each of them leaked Lu and did not flute. â€
6. Ming Li Shizhen said: "According to Shen Cunzhong's pen talks about the cloud: This party's use of leaking Lunai is also inefficient. A cheap Lian Luan, seedlings like bitter buckwheat, roots like ox wolfberry head are also. Mining has a root. In the so-called "Liao Lu", stems are like linseed, which are six or seven inches high and fall is dark and lacquer-like. When picking seedlings, it is also true that Liao is also missing.
7. Qing · "Materia Medica from the new": "In the out of time, stems such as linseed. Black as a painter really."
8. Under the name "Liaolu" in the fifteenth volume of the "Compendium of Materia Medica", the "Haizhou Liaolu" is recorded. The Song Dynasty "The Sketch" has also recorded "Haizhou Liaolu": "Liaolu, this Jingdongju County and Qin and Haizhou have it. The old said that the stems and leaves like white Artemisia, different from all the grass. Haizhou who flowers Zibi is like a single-leaf lotus flower. The root black is fine and the kind of green onion, the Huaidian people call it the old flower, and the Haizhou leaves are more serrated.†Li Shizhen's “Compendium of Materia Medica†records are mostly used. "This sketch by"
Traits
[Luzhou Liaolu]: The roots are inverted cone-shaped cylindrical, and some slightly twisted or flattened pressure, usually without branching, complete length 10-30cm, diameter 1-2.5cm. The surface is dark brown or black-brown, rough, with irregular longitudinal grooves and whip-shaped mesh fissures, the outer layer is often peeling. The head of the root is enlarged, with a few stem bases and scaly leaf bases, grayish white hairs at the top. Robust and brittle, easy to break, often break off from the leather when the skin breaks off, darker skin color, yellow-white wood, was cast shape, more than a burst of wood ray, the central part of the wood as a result of eroded stars Cracks, dark brown. Gas specific, slightly bitter taste. It is better to use rough, brownish black, solid, and not cracked.
[Luzhou Liaolu]
The roots are cylindrical, slightly twisted, and vary in length and diameter 0.5-1.5cm. Surface yellowish or gray-brown, rough, with longitudinal wrinkles, fibrous brown petiole vascular bundles on top. Hard, thick section fibrous, brown skin, wood with yellow and black chrysanthemum pattern. Gas slightly, slightly astringent taste. Long thick branches. The surface clay is solid, and the length is neat and tidy.
Microscopic identification
Cross-section of Lulugen in Zhangzhou: The epidermis has often fallen off, and the epidermis has several layers to more than 20 layers of brown cells with thicker walls, woody and corky. The phloem is wider and wider. Layer formation loop. Xylem leading and multi-stranded arrangement, sometimes small-scale catheter group will be divided into large segments of the catheter group, wood ray often radial cracks. The center is sometimes star-shaped fissures, and its surrounding cell walls are often corky. The product has a distribution of oil chambers in the parenchyma group, and secreted cells around the oil chamber contain yellow-brown secretions.
In addition, the root of non-glandular hair cells, woody, full length 0.5-4mm, diameter 20-30μm, apical cells are very long, coiled or flexed, the base of the 5-9 short square type cells; One type of non-glandular base is flattened with 7-8 cells in the upper part and each cell is 300-450 μm long.
[Luzhou Lulugen cross section]: Epidermal yellow-brown. Cortical cells 4-5 columns, slightly elongated, secretory cavity scattered, containing brown secretions, neutrophils cells neat row. There are many light yellow fiber bundles scattered in the phloem, and the fiber cells are filled with dark brown inclusions. Layer formation loop. Guided and radially arranged, fiber bundles scattered in parenchyma.
Physical and chemical identification
1. Take Quzhou Shiluo alcohol solution (1g/ml) and add 1 drop of 1% ferric chloride solution to produce a yellow-brown precipitate.
2. Take 1 drop of Luzhou alcohol solution on filter paper. Observe under UV light, bright blue fluorescence. Add 1 drop of ferric chloride test solution, yellow-green, fluorescence disappears.
Identification: take this product powder 1g, add methanol 20ml, ultrasonic treatment for 20 minutes, filtration, the filtrate evaporated, the residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate 1ml, as the test solution. In addition, take 1g of reference material for Leakweed, and prepare the reference drug solution by the same method as in the previous method. According to the thin layer chromatography (Appendix VI B) test, draw 5μl of each of the above two solutions and place them on the same silica gel G thin plate to cyclohexane. Butanone (4:1) was developed, developed, removed, air-dried, and viewed under a UV light (365 nm). In the chromatogram of the test sample, the same fluorescent spot was observed at the position corresponding to the chromatogram of the reference drug.
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