Mechanical trenching technology
2018-05-25 01:45:55
I. Agricultural technical requirements for mechanical ditching (I) The technical requirements of agricultural technology for machinery ditching include ditch depth, ditch width, ditch bottom, throwing uniformity, and cleanliness of the ditch. For different crops (wheat, grass seeds, rapeseed, etc.) in different regions or different farming systems, the requirements for ditching are also different. The general requirements are as follows: (1) The ditching should be timely so as to relieve drought. (2) The ditch depth and ditch width must meet the requirements and be uniform. (3) The throwing soil should be uniform. In the process of trenching, the soil can be thrown evenly on both sides of the ditch, and the coverage of the seeds can reach more than 90%. (4) The ditch should be straightened to facilitate irrigation and drainage. (5) Ditch and trench walls should be smooth. (2) The types of trenching machines and the types of trenchers to be selected are many. In terms of their power, they are matched with large and medium-sized tractors, and also with hand-held tractors; in terms of their form, there are configurations. At the rear of the tractor, it is called a rear-mounted trencher. It is arranged in front of the tractor and is called a front-type trencher. It is also arranged on the side of the tractor and is pulled by a tractor. At present, the trencher used in Zhejiang Province is mainly a front-type trencher and a rear-type trencher that are matched with a walking tractor. The trench shape is divided according to the shape of the cross section. There are two kinds of rectangular trenches and trapezoidal trenches. Different crops and different regions have different agronomical requirements to choose the appropriate gutter shape. When purchasing a trencher, it can be purchased according to the actual conditions of the soil in the region and the characteristics of the trencher itself. 1. Characteristics of front-mounted trenching machine: (1) Deeper trenching depth and wider adjustable range; (2) Trapezoidal trenches with rectangular trenches. 2. Features of the rear-mounted trencher: (1) Simple structure, light weight, easy to use and install, and the operator is easy to master; (2) Cheaper price and higher work efficiency. Second, the main structure of the rear-mounted trenching machine IKHF-18 double blade type wheat field trenching machine produced by the Tonglu County Machinery Plant, the main structure of which consists of a rotary cultivator frame, a ditching machine bracket assembly, a combination knife, and a soil separating board. , Back shovel assembly. The working process is as follows: the power is driven by the rotating tractor and the rotary gear box drives the rotation of the cutter shaft. At this time, four combination cutters cut and dig the earth and grind the soil, two right-angle cutters (one on each side) finish the grooved flat groove wall, and the back shovel Ditch loose soil, soil distribution board evenly spread the dirt on both sides of the ditch, thus completing the trenching operation.
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