Medium rice avoids high temperature and heat damage with "new law"
The provinces of the Yangtze and Huaihe Rivers in the province often suffer from drought and high-temperature heat damage. At this time, it is the key period for the growth of medium-indica rice, which has a great influence on the final rice yield. The project team of "Jiangxi Huaizhong Rice's Disaster Avoidance and Disaster Reduction Compensation Cultivation Techniques" headed by Wu Wenge, the director of the rice cultivation department of the Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences, has started technical research since 2006 and developed a series of technology systems for active disaster prevention and disaster prevention. And achieved certain results in the production practice.
The areas above and below the Jianghuai watershed in our province often suffer from high temperatures and drought. Wu Wenge told reporters that according to the 60-year meteorological data analysis in the area, drought occurred almost every three years. And every year in late July and early August, hot weather occurs frequently. In the face of relatively harsh climatic conditions, this requires that farmers in this region must adopt different planting techniques to ensure a certain rice yield when they plant medium-grain rice.
Two-way adjustment sowing period
In the drought-prone areas of the Yangtze River Delta, farmers can implement drought avoidance cultivation techniques. During the first season, the rice sowing period is pushed forward to the beginning of April, and can effectively use the spring and summer rainfall to irrigate rice and avoid fall drought; or postponed to mid-May. In order to prevent rain, planting pods and pods that are too long and early in the ear, they severely reduce production. At the same time, the flowering period of a mid-season rice also avoids the high-temperature hazards of the end of July and early August. Farmers in the Jianghuai drought-prone area may choose to pass the approval of the Provincial or National Crop Variety Approval Committee. The whole growth period is 125-140 days. Early-middle-maturing hybrid midges with moderately weak temperature sensitivity, strong tillering ability, and strong ability to form spikelets. Or conventional varieties.
In the drought-prone areas of the Jianghuai hills, 25-30 grams of hybrid japonica rice are planted per square meter of net seedlings and 35-40 grams of conventional varieties (equivalent to two-thirds of normal). There are 1.75 kg of hybrid rice and 3 kg of conventional rice per mu.
Sprinkle water and apply nitrogen fertilizer
If the heading and flowering period meets an average daily temperature of 30°C (daytime high temperature 36°C), deepwater irrigation (about 10 cm in water layer) can be used to condition the cold water flow in the desirable reservoir to reduce the temperature of the ear layer. In the late period of flowering, it encounters extremely high temperatures and it can be used to spray water to cool the ear.
After the occurrence of high-temperature heat damage, the farmers can use the 1 kg of urea and 400 g of monopotassium phosphate plus 15% triadimefon 100 g and 30 kg of water twice per acre the next day and the next 7-10 days after the end of flowering. Spraying. Trichoderma and other exogenous regulatory substances such as 30 mg/L of gibberellin were sprayed on the rice during the booting stage and on the ear of the ear to prevent damage to the functional leaves at high temperatures, delay aging, and stabilize the seed setting rate and yield. If the high temperature damage is severe, resulting in a seed setting rate of less than 25%, consider cutting rice for renewable rice before August 20th. After 1-2 days of cutting, topdressing urea 7.5 kg/mu was used as a stubble fertilizer. After September 10, 5 kg/acre of urea was used as a panicle fertilizer.
Intermittent wet irrigation
For one-season rice growers in drought-prone areas, shallow-water planting can be used. After 4-5 days of planting, it will naturally dry out. After irrigation, keep 2-3 cm of shallow water in the field to promote the delivery. When the total number of panicles in the field reaches the expected number of panicles, it is necessary to promptly fall into the water and bake the fields, and repeatedly bake the fields, from light to heavy until jointing. Intermittent booting to shallow water intermittent irrigation before and after heading, each irrigation 3 cm shallow water layer, to the bottom of the production of water-abundant 1-2 days after the next irrigation water, so reciprocating, dry and wet and wet to yellow cooked, cut off water 7 days before maturity .
If there is a drought in the middle growth stage, “two guarantees and deep reserves†may be used to provide drought- and water-saving irrigation. That is to say, when drought is encountered, normal irrigation is not possible, and the need for water from the live planting to the effective tillering stage and the booting to the heading stage (about 15 days before and after the heading) is mainly ensured.
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