Rapid Detection of Single-cylinder Diesel Engine Faults
2024-10-26 09:00:18
Checking the cylinder sealing performance adjusts the flywheel of the diesel engine without decompression. If the medium disk does not move during compression, it means that the cylinder sealability is good. Then move the flywheel to half of the compression stroke, stay for 30-60 seconds and then move. If it is still difficult to move, the cylinder seal is good.
After removing the diesel engine belt and cranking it, add the accelerator to the rated speed, then immediately close the throttle and turn off the flame to observe the number of flywheel backswings after the flameout. If the flywheel oscillates back 4-5 times, it indicates that the cylinder seal is good; the back swing is about 3 times is normal; if it only swings back 1-2 times, it shows that the cylinder seal is poor.
Detection of pre-chamber inserts Remove the cylinder head and invert, connect the high-pressure fuel injection pump, and observe the injector fuel injection. If the oil jet from the injector can smoothly pass through the starting orifice on the insert, it means that the insert is installed correctly.
Detection of the oil valve Remove the high pressure oil pipe and install the nozzle upwards. Twist the flywheel. When the high pressure oil pipe mouth has just spilled oil, quickly turn the flywheel upside down by about 90 degrees. If the oil surface in the oil pipe suddenly sinks, there will be sucking phenomenon. The outlet valve has been sealed and should be replaced.
Detection of oil supply time Remove the high-pressure fuel pipe, install the nozzle upwards, open a large throttle, and depressurize the flywheel to observe the fluctuation of the oil level at the port of the high-pressure pipe. At the moment when the oil level starts fluctuating (for ease of observation, a plastic transparent straw can be inserted at the nozzle), stop the flywheel to see which alignment of the oil supply advance angle on the flywheel is aligned with the reticle. If the measured oil supply time is different from the specified value, adjustment shall be made. When adjusting, the oil pump gasket may be increased or decreased by 0.1 mm. The oil supply time may be delayed or advanced by approximately 1.7. General calendar paper gasket, thickness is just 0.1 mm.
The injection pressure is detected by installing the injector through the high pressure tubing outside the body and cranking the crankshaft to inject fuel. The palm of the hand is about 33 centimeters away. If the oil jet from the injector hits the palm of the hand, it is like a needle. The pain, and can hear the crisp "grilling" sound, indicating that the injection pressure meets the requirements. According to the experience, it is appropriate to screw the adjustment screw into the contact with the regulator spring just by hand and then screw it in about 1.25 turns. If the fuel injection pressure is increased, the return oil volume increases, or the atomization is bad or the oil drips, indicating that the injector needle valve is worn; if it is not injected after the increase, the injection pump piston pair wears; The oil pressure cannot be increased, indicating that the regulator spring has been damaged or the small steel ball in the entry rod has come off. In these cases, new ones should be replaced.
After removing the diesel engine belt and cranking it, add the accelerator to the rated speed, then immediately close the throttle and turn off the flame to observe the number of flywheel backswings after the flameout. If the flywheel oscillates back 4-5 times, it indicates that the cylinder seal is good; the back swing is about 3 times is normal; if it only swings back 1-2 times, it shows that the cylinder seal is poor.
Detection of pre-chamber inserts Remove the cylinder head and invert, connect the high-pressure fuel injection pump, and observe the injector fuel injection. If the oil jet from the injector can smoothly pass through the starting orifice on the insert, it means that the insert is installed correctly.
Detection of the oil valve Remove the high pressure oil pipe and install the nozzle upwards. Twist the flywheel. When the high pressure oil pipe mouth has just spilled oil, quickly turn the flywheel upside down by about 90 degrees. If the oil surface in the oil pipe suddenly sinks, there will be sucking phenomenon. The outlet valve has been sealed and should be replaced.
Detection of oil supply time Remove the high-pressure fuel pipe, install the nozzle upwards, open a large throttle, and depressurize the flywheel to observe the fluctuation of the oil level at the port of the high-pressure pipe. At the moment when the oil level starts fluctuating (for ease of observation, a plastic transparent straw can be inserted at the nozzle), stop the flywheel to see which alignment of the oil supply advance angle on the flywheel is aligned with the reticle. If the measured oil supply time is different from the specified value, adjustment shall be made. When adjusting, the oil pump gasket may be increased or decreased by 0.1 mm. The oil supply time may be delayed or advanced by approximately 1.7. General calendar paper gasket, thickness is just 0.1 mm.
The injection pressure is detected by installing the injector through the high pressure tubing outside the body and cranking the crankshaft to inject fuel. The palm of the hand is about 33 centimeters away. If the oil jet from the injector hits the palm of the hand, it is like a needle. The pain, and can hear the crisp "grilling" sound, indicating that the injection pressure meets the requirements. According to the experience, it is appropriate to screw the adjustment screw into the contact with the regulator spring just by hand and then screw it in about 1.25 turns. If the fuel injection pressure is increased, the return oil volume increases, or the atomization is bad or the oil drips, indicating that the injector needle valve is worn; if it is not injected after the increase, the injection pump piston pair wears; The oil pressure cannot be increased, indicating that the regulator spring has been damaged or the small steel ball in the entry rod has come off. In these cases, new ones should be replaced.
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