Reasonably Applying Fertilizer to Improve Fertilizer Fertilizer Efficiency
One of the farmers’ most commonly used measures to increase crop yield during the growth of crops is to increase fertilization. As the farmer said, “One crop of flowers depends on fertilizers,†and others say, “It's not as good as a fertilizer.†This shows that farmers pay great attention to applying fertilizer when they grow crops. In the selection of fertilizers, some farmers choose to use organic fertilizers made by farmers, some use chemical fertilizers, and some use farm fertilizers with chemical fertilizers. From the perspective of production practices, general fertilization is positively related to the increase in crop yields, but the effect of different types of fertilization and different fertilization methods is not the same.
The observation and testing results of fertilizer use for many years show that the nutrient after the application of fertilizers to crops is generally reflected in four aspects: First, the released nutrients are directly absorbed and utilized by crops; second, after nutrient decomposition, some nutrients are in gaseous state. For example, common ammonium bicarbonate is most volatile; third, after each heavy rain or heavy rain, nutrient loss with water is more, especially available nitrogen and available potash fertilizer; Fourth, some nutrients are fixed by the soil and are not available. However, from the perspective of fertilizers, organic fertilizers lose less than fertilizers because organic manure is released gradually. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizers in fertilizers lose less than nitrogen fertilizers. According to the soil and fertilizer testing department, the effective nitrogen utilization rate in ammonium bicarbonate is 27%, the effective nitrogen utilization rate in urea is 35%, and the nutrient utilization rate of high-efficiency compound fertilizer is over 40%.
Faced with the reality that the cost of agricultural production is increasing year by year, especially the fact that the cost of fertilizers has increased, in order to increase production and save money and increase costs and efficiency, it is necessary to save the use of fertilizer and reduce waste, and adopt comprehensive countermeasures to increase fertilizer utilization.
First of all, it is necessary to improve the basic construction of farmland and enhance the ability to store water and retain water. The construction of farmland should be done with the rapid discharge of large water energy. The small water energy should be quickly lowered. When there is drought in the water, the water can be used to regulate the fertilizer so that the fertilizer applied to the soil can be rapidly dissolved, transformed and utilized, and the waste of water and fertilizer environment can be reduced. .
Second, we must increase the application of organic fertilizers, farmyard fertilizer and chemical fertilizers mixed application. Fully cooked farmyard nutrient content is relatively complete. Adhering to the combined application of chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer, one can improve the physical and chemical properties of soil and enhance soil fertility; Second, the delayed effect and the available fertilizer complement each other; Third, reduce the volatilization and loss of chemical fertilizer, enhance Conserving fertilizer performance, to improve the fertilizer supply capacity.
Third, we must scientifically formulate fertilizers to avoid partial application of fertilizers. It is necessary to balance the fertilization for different soils and different crop formulations, both to prevent excessive use of single fertilizer to produce antagonistic effects, to suppress the nutritive function of other elements, and to meet the needs of different crops for different macronutrient elements. For example, potassium fertilizer should be applied to soil with high sediment concentration, boron fertilizer should be added to the fields for planting rapeseed and cotton, and corresponding trace elements such as zinc, magnesium and molybdenum should be supplemented according to different soil quality and crops. .
Fourth, we must constantly update the fertilization technology to ensure the quality of fertilization. First, we must promote the use of high levels of multiple compound fertilizers to reduce the use of low-level compound fertilizers; Second, we must actively try high-energy organic-inorganic compound fertilizers; Third, organic-inorganic compound fertilizers should be promoted; Fourth, fertilizers with high levels of beneficial microorganisms must be used. Use of fertilizer; Fifth, we must emphasize the deep application of fertilizer; Sixth, we must do it in a reasonable dose; Seventh, we must use a drip irrigation method to apply liquid fertilizer evenly in places where conditions permit.
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