"Nature" and "Science" simultaneously issued: Stanford scientists first discovered that newborn cord blood contains anti-aging protein
Release date: 2017-04-24
Recently, scientists at Stanford University School of Medicine in the United States have found that some active molecules in the blood of young mice seem to have a certain reversal effect on the amnesia symptoms of aged mice. At the same time, the two authoritative journals Nature and Science This research was reported.
Joseph Castellano, a professor of neurology at Stanford University School of Medicine, one of the lead authors of the study, said that there are certain biologically active molecules in mammalian cord blood that are essential for maintaining nerve sensitivity. This study is for Alzheimer's disease. The development of targeted therapeutic drugs has laid a certain foundation.
Joseph Castellano
Based on Stanford's early studies of blood exchange in mice of different ages, Castellano and another neuroscientist at the Stanford University, Tony Wyss-Coray, began to explore the special effects of blood in young mice on brain function. Previously, Wyss-Coray had a blood exchange. Related research, in 2014, Wyss-Coray led the team to publish an article in the journal Nature Medicine: Injecting blood from young mice into the blood vessels of old mice can improve the memory and learning ability of older mice. Later, Professor Irina Conboy from the University of California, Berkeley published a study in the journal Nature Communications, publicly opposing the concept of transfusion to reverse aging. Irina Conboy said that in her study, the old mice that had undergone blood exchange did not change. Young, but young mice are getting old.
Tony Wyss-Coray
This time, Wyss-Coray synergy Castellano collected some cord blood of newborn babies, and injected these cord blood into old mice and young mice. It is understood that the old mice selected in the experiment are in 12- At 14 months of age, approximately 50-60 years of age in humans, the mice used in the study were all immunodeficient, so they did not cause rejection of cord blood in human infants. The researchers gave these mice and other young mice an intravenous injection of the plasma portion of the baby's cord blood every 4 days for a total of 2 weeks.
The results showed that the learning and memory abilities of aged mice were significantly improved, including in the experiments of “maze test†and “fear memoryâ€. Old mice injected with cord blood performed well, but younger and younger. Plasma injections in rats did not have any positive effect on their learning and memory functions.
Based on the results of such experiments, the researchers began to explore the special features of cord blood. What are the factors that influence the optimization of memory and learning functions in older mice?
The researchers compared protein components in the blood of humans and mice of different age groups and found several proteins with large differences. Next, the researchers injected each protein individually to examine the level of gene expression and behavioral improvement in mice, and finally determined that TIMP2 protein may be the “sole source†for all of this improvement in umbilical cord plasma. It exists in large quantities and will decrease as the mammal ages. In addition, the team found that cord blood plasma after removal of TIMP2 no longer improved brain function in aged mice, and blocking the expression of TIMP2 in young mice would impair the memory of young mice.
Castellano said that a single protein with such a magical effect is a very shocking discovery.
At the same time, Castellano pointed out that TIMP2 is likely to be the "upstream" regulatory molecule of many biological processes. This protein belongs to a family of proteins that regulate the expression of other key proteins, which have the function of "cracking" the expression of more extracellular proteins.
However, even so, researchers don't know much about TIMP2. "Now, we really need to do a good job of studying the relationship between TIMP2 protein and the brain," Castellano said. "We are not sure that TIMP2 protein must be the protein that plays the most critical role in brain aging."
At the same time, Castellano said that it is an unrealistic idea to use cord blood to treat Alzheimer's disease. It is impossible to conclude that TIMP2 will become a potential drug for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Scientists need more experiments to confirm that this protein does play a similar role in the human body. It is reported that Stanford University has applied for a patent on the use of TIMP2 to treat diseases related to aging, and Wyss-Coray also plans to get his company Alkahest to obtain a patent license to develop related drugs.
Source: Medical Valley
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