Pearl Vulture Fish Breeding and Rearing
2019-09-03 13:04:09
Trichogaster leeri (Trichogaster leeri) is native to Thailand, Malaysia and Indonesia and is a common freshwater tropical fish. Its taxonomic status is 鲈 鲈 目 目, 鲈目目, 毛足鲈属. There are also two common tropical ornamental fish in this genus - Blue Samsung and Blue Man Long. The size of the pearl vest is slightly smaller than those of the blue Samsung and Lan Manlong.
The fish of Pan Pheasant have an up-closer, and the pearl-frilled fish can use the pleats to directly breathe air, so it can tolerate more severe water conditions. The lower limit of survival was 14°C, and the diet was omnivorous but animalivitous. Its color is beautiful (especially the breeding season of male fish), easy to raise, so it is widely welcomed by aquarists.
I. Morphological characteristics and habits
1. Morphological characteristics The adult size of a pearl vest is up to 12cm in length. The whole body is covered with fine silvery spots. A black line passes through the eye from the kiss end to the end of the tail; the anal fin is longer and wider, accounting for 2/3 of the body. Long, there are also flashing bright spots on the fins; pelvic fins grow and grow like filaments (a major feature of the fish), filamentous pelvic fins can rotate flexibly, have tactile function, can sense and identify food. The color of the male's chest to the snout is yellow or orange-red. It is particularly evident during reproduction and is very beautiful. The color of the female fish is dull.
2, living habits The fish originally lived in aquatic plants rich in water, the temperature range of 20 ~ 30 °C, the optimum growth temperature of 24 ~ 28 °C, pH 6.5 ~ 8.5, hardness 3 ~ 20dGH. Its temperament is mild, especially females; males have a tendency to attack females after mating, and there is little fighting between males at ordinary times. The fish cannot be polycultured with fierce fish, otherwise it will be frightened and the body color will be dull and not even eaten; its adult fish can not be mixed with the small and slimy fish (such as traffic lights, etc.) It will chase and swallow these little fish.
Second, reproduction
1, the preparation of broodstock and male and female identification of pearl vest fish after 10 months of feeding, body length up to 6cm or more, gonads began to mature. According to the author's observation, individuals aged 2 to 8 cm with the highest reproductive success rate and individuals over 10 cm in body length may have passed puberty, but the reproductive success rate is lower (in a good aquarium environment, the pearl vest is The life of the fish can exceed 5 years of age).
2. Spawning environment Before breeding, male and female broodstock are isolated and kept for more than 20 days, and live baits such as leeches are used for feeding. When breeding, depending on the size of the fish, place a pair of broodstock in a 0.5m0.4m0.3m-0.8m0.5m0.4m spawning tank, and adjust the water temperature at 25-30°C (preferably 1 to 2°C higher than usual). ; DO> 5mg/L, pH 6.8 ~ 7.5, water hardness 5 ~ 10dGH. The pearl fertilized eggs are buoyant eggs and require a foam nest during hatching. Therefore, some aquatic plants floating in the water should be placed in the spawning tank to concentrate the foam that the male fish vomits, which is beneficial to the formation of a foam nest. Although males with well-developed gonads can build nests in the cylinders without bubbles, the diameter of the foamed nests is larger when they are placed in the water, generally up to 5-8 cm; and aquatic plants can induce brooders to enter quickly. Estrus status. As the plants to be placed are strictly sterilized and sometimes rot due to lack of light, the author uses a foam block with a diameter of about 5 cm instead of aquatic plants, and the effect is good.
3. Breeding behavior Male males with well-developed gonads start spiting and nesting within 1-3 days after entering the tank. Usually it takes about 2-5 hours to build the nest and then chasing the female; the color of the male becomes Very bright, female body color is also brighter than usual. The male fish quivered in front of the female and danced. If the gonads of the females are well developed, they will interact with the males after several pursuits. Sometimes even females actively chase males. In this case, if the individual male is smaller than the female, the breeding often fails, or the female cannot produce all the eggs. If the gonads of the female are not very mature, the females will evade the males everywhere. At this time, the females must be withdrawn in time, or the females will be injured.
The males lead the females to the nest of foam, curl the body to wrap the females, and then discharge both the sperm and eggs on the abdomen. Repeatedly so many eggs can be produced, fertilized eggs are wrapped in foam. Females with a body length of 6 to 8 cm can lay 1,000 to 2,000 eggs and have an egg diameter of about 0.5 mm.
4. The hatching male has egg protection habits and will take care of the eggs in the foam nest and the newly hatched larvae. If eggs fall from the foam nest, they are immediately caught in the mouth and spit out to settle in the nest. At this time, the male fish does not let the females close to the foam nest and will constantly drive the females. In order to prevent females from being injured, they must be removed in time after spawning by females. The author's approach is to remove the male and female fish after mating and spawning, so that the eggs hatched alone; after 1 d, the original paler eggs become darker, and after another 1d, the larvae break out; From 1 to 2 days, the yolk sac of the larvae almost disappeared, and the larvae began to swim.
Third, rearing
1. The larvae rearing larvae are very small and delicate. The body length is less than 4 mm. If there is no palatable feed at this time, the survival rate will be seriously affected. Because the larvae have very small calibers, they cannot be used as an open bait for Artemia larvae and require smaller rotifers. In the absence of suitable rotifers, egg yolk water or ciliates cultivated by oneself can be fed, but the effect is not satisfactory.
2. Juvenile fish fed on juveniles with a body length of 1.5 cm or more can be fed with small blisters sieved through a 30-mesh screen. As the individual grows up, the broth to be fed does not need to be sieved; animal protein can also be fed. Dry feed with a content of more than 35%. Pearl marlin fish do not like to eat like Blue Man Long and grow slowly.
Fourth, disease prevention
1. During larval stage, the fish has a large amount of reproduction. Under normal circumstances, the density of the larvae in the fish tank is relatively high. Because the pleats at the stage of juvenile and juvenile fish are not yet fully developed, a large number of feedings can easily cause the death of hypoxia, so they should be slightly inflated.
2, juvenile fish body length at 1.5 ~ 2.5cm susceptible to enteritis, especially live leeches and other live baits, without disinfection and feeding the most likely to occur when.
3, the adult stage of this stage of the pearl viscid fish vulnerable to vibriosis, the main symptoms are: body edema, scales erected, abdomen was swollen, improper operation or long-distance transport prone to happen. Pearl marlin fish is highly sensitive to transport operations, and accidental death can result in large numbers of deaths. Therefore, care must be taken to avoid scratches, low loading density, and salt in the water (the fish is sensitive to salinity). Chlormycin 0.5mg/L can be splashed in the tank at the time of onset and used 3 to 5 days.
The fish of Pan Pheasant have an up-closer, and the pearl-frilled fish can use the pleats to directly breathe air, so it can tolerate more severe water conditions. The lower limit of survival was 14°C, and the diet was omnivorous but animalivitous. Its color is beautiful (especially the breeding season of male fish), easy to raise, so it is widely welcomed by aquarists.
I. Morphological characteristics and habits
1. Morphological characteristics The adult size of a pearl vest is up to 12cm in length. The whole body is covered with fine silvery spots. A black line passes through the eye from the kiss end to the end of the tail; the anal fin is longer and wider, accounting for 2/3 of the body. Long, there are also flashing bright spots on the fins; pelvic fins grow and grow like filaments (a major feature of the fish), filamentous pelvic fins can rotate flexibly, have tactile function, can sense and identify food. The color of the male's chest to the snout is yellow or orange-red. It is particularly evident during reproduction and is very beautiful. The color of the female fish is dull.
2, living habits The fish originally lived in aquatic plants rich in water, the temperature range of 20 ~ 30 °C, the optimum growth temperature of 24 ~ 28 °C, pH 6.5 ~ 8.5, hardness 3 ~ 20dGH. Its temperament is mild, especially females; males have a tendency to attack females after mating, and there is little fighting between males at ordinary times. The fish cannot be polycultured with fierce fish, otherwise it will be frightened and the body color will be dull and not even eaten; its adult fish can not be mixed with the small and slimy fish (such as traffic lights, etc.) It will chase and swallow these little fish.
Second, reproduction
1, the preparation of broodstock and male and female identification of pearl vest fish after 10 months of feeding, body length up to 6cm or more, gonads began to mature. According to the author's observation, individuals aged 2 to 8 cm with the highest reproductive success rate and individuals over 10 cm in body length may have passed puberty, but the reproductive success rate is lower (in a good aquarium environment, the pearl vest is The life of the fish can exceed 5 years of age).
2. Spawning environment Before breeding, male and female broodstock are isolated and kept for more than 20 days, and live baits such as leeches are used for feeding. When breeding, depending on the size of the fish, place a pair of broodstock in a 0.5m0.4m0.3m-0.8m0.5m0.4m spawning tank, and adjust the water temperature at 25-30°C (preferably 1 to 2°C higher than usual). ; DO> 5mg/L, pH 6.8 ~ 7.5, water hardness 5 ~ 10dGH. The pearl fertilized eggs are buoyant eggs and require a foam nest during hatching. Therefore, some aquatic plants floating in the water should be placed in the spawning tank to concentrate the foam that the male fish vomits, which is beneficial to the formation of a foam nest. Although males with well-developed gonads can build nests in the cylinders without bubbles, the diameter of the foamed nests is larger when they are placed in the water, generally up to 5-8 cm; and aquatic plants can induce brooders to enter quickly. Estrus status. As the plants to be placed are strictly sterilized and sometimes rot due to lack of light, the author uses a foam block with a diameter of about 5 cm instead of aquatic plants, and the effect is good.
3. Breeding behavior Male males with well-developed gonads start spiting and nesting within 1-3 days after entering the tank. Usually it takes about 2-5 hours to build the nest and then chasing the female; the color of the male becomes Very bright, female body color is also brighter than usual. The male fish quivered in front of the female and danced. If the gonads of the females are well developed, they will interact with the males after several pursuits. Sometimes even females actively chase males. In this case, if the individual male is smaller than the female, the breeding often fails, or the female cannot produce all the eggs. If the gonads of the female are not very mature, the females will evade the males everywhere. At this time, the females must be withdrawn in time, or the females will be injured.
The males lead the females to the nest of foam, curl the body to wrap the females, and then discharge both the sperm and eggs on the abdomen. Repeatedly so many eggs can be produced, fertilized eggs are wrapped in foam. Females with a body length of 6 to 8 cm can lay 1,000 to 2,000 eggs and have an egg diameter of about 0.5 mm.
4. The hatching male has egg protection habits and will take care of the eggs in the foam nest and the newly hatched larvae. If eggs fall from the foam nest, they are immediately caught in the mouth and spit out to settle in the nest. At this time, the male fish does not let the females close to the foam nest and will constantly drive the females. In order to prevent females from being injured, they must be removed in time after spawning by females. The author's approach is to remove the male and female fish after mating and spawning, so that the eggs hatched alone; after 1 d, the original paler eggs become darker, and after another 1d, the larvae break out; From 1 to 2 days, the yolk sac of the larvae almost disappeared, and the larvae began to swim.
Third, rearing
1. The larvae rearing larvae are very small and delicate. The body length is less than 4 mm. If there is no palatable feed at this time, the survival rate will be seriously affected. Because the larvae have very small calibers, they cannot be used as an open bait for Artemia larvae and require smaller rotifers. In the absence of suitable rotifers, egg yolk water or ciliates cultivated by oneself can be fed, but the effect is not satisfactory.
2. Juvenile fish fed on juveniles with a body length of 1.5 cm or more can be fed with small blisters sieved through a 30-mesh screen. As the individual grows up, the broth to be fed does not need to be sieved; animal protein can also be fed. Dry feed with a content of more than 35%. Pearl marlin fish do not like to eat like Blue Man Long and grow slowly.
Fourth, disease prevention
1. During larval stage, the fish has a large amount of reproduction. Under normal circumstances, the density of the larvae in the fish tank is relatively high. Because the pleats at the stage of juvenile and juvenile fish are not yet fully developed, a large number of feedings can easily cause the death of hypoxia, so they should be slightly inflated.
2, juvenile fish body length at 1.5 ~ 2.5cm susceptible to enteritis, especially live leeches and other live baits, without disinfection and feeding the most likely to occur when.
3, the adult stage of this stage of the pearl viscid fish vulnerable to vibriosis, the main symptoms are: body edema, scales erected, abdomen was swollen, improper operation or long-distance transport prone to happen. Pearl marlin fish is highly sensitive to transport operations, and accidental death can result in large numbers of deaths. Therefore, care must be taken to avoid scratches, low loading density, and salt in the water (the fish is sensitive to salinity). Chlormycin 0.5mg/L can be splashed in the tank at the time of onset and used 3 to 5 days.
Everyone knows that there are a few longevity villages in China, and I live in one of them. I have lived here for 22 years, where chrysanthemums are everywhere and fragrant. Every morning, Grandma would make a pot of chrysanthemum tea and do other things after drinking. Grandma said, "Chrysanthemum can be used as medicine to cure diseases, chrysanthemum tea can make people live longer, chrysanthemum can also be made into exquisite delicacies." Grandma often cooks a dish called "chrysanthemum meat", "chrysanthemum meat" is a kind of chrysanthemum which has been made through long-term exploration. It is made from a piece of white tender pork processed by boiling sucrose pulp. It*s exquisite and exquisite, like white jade. Each piece is covered with a few chrysanthemum petals, which are full of fat, sugar and sweetness. The golden color is observed. The meat in the mouth is vegetable, and the meat in the vegetable is sweet and not greasy. It is really a famous dish. Grandma said that her ancestors did so. Slowly, everyone used it, and the village gradually became a longevity village.
Dried Chrysanthemum,Dried Chrysanthemum Flowers,Organic Chrysanthemum,Honey Chrysanthemum Tea
Lixian Spring Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. , https://www.lxctyy.com