What is soilless substrate? How to make a matrix?

The soilless culture substrate refers to an organic substrate, sand, and perlite that are replaced by soils, using natural plants such as conifers, hardwoods, sawdust, and the like, by improving the disadvantages of poor plant growth caused by soil quality degradation on the basis of soil-free cultivated plants. The inorganic matrix is ​​used to fix the roots of plants, and nutrients are supplied by drip irrigation to supply the nutrients needed by the plants. This cultivation method is called soilless cultivation.

1, according to the source of the matrix can be divided into natural matrix: such as sand, gravel; artificial synthetic matrix: such as rock wool, foam plastic, porous ceramic, etc.;

2, according to the matrix composition: the matrix can be divided into inorganic matrix and organic matrix; such as sand, gravel, rock wool, perlite and vermiculite are all inorganic or non-decomposable matrix for the inorganic matrix; such as Bark, bagasse, rice dregs, etc. are organic substrates composed of organic residues;

3, according to the nature of the matrix classification: can be divided into two types of inert matrix and active matrix. Inert matrix refers to the matrix itself with no nutrient supply or cation exchange, such as sand, gravel, rock wool, etc. The active matrix refers to a matrix with cation substitution, which can supply nutrients to the plant itself, such as peat. , rock and so on.

4, according to the use of different types of components: can be divided into a single matrix and composite matrix. The use of a matrix as a growth medium, such as Shapei, gravel culture, rock wool, etc., is a single matrix; a matrix is ​​a matrix made by mixing two or more matrixes in a certain proportion. The matrix can be Overcoming the disadvantages of a single substrate that is too light, heavy, or poorly ventilated.

1, support the role of fixed plants. The solid matrix can support and fix the plant so that it is rooted in the solid matrix without sinking and pouring; and it is beneficial to the extension and attachment of the plant root system.
2, to maintain the role of water. A solid substrate that can be used as a soilless culture can generally maintain a certain amount of moisture. For example, perlite can absorb moisture equivalent to 3 to 4 times its own weight; peat can absorb moisture more than 10 times its own weight. The moisture absorbed by the solid matrix damages the crop without losing water during irrigation.
3, the role of ventilation. Respiration of the roots of crops requires oxygen, and the pores of the solid matrix contain air that can supply the oxygen needed by the roots of the crop to breathe. The pores of the solid matrix are also the places that hold moisture. Therefore, in a solid matrix, there is an opposite relationship between air permeability and water holding, that is, when the air content in the solid matrix is ​​high, the moisture content is low, and vice versa. In this way, the nature of the solid matrix is ​​required to be able to coordinate the relationship between moisture and air to meet the needs of both crops for both air and moisture.
4, the role of buffering. When a foreign material or the root system itself produces some harmful substances that damage the crop roots, the buffering action will resolve these hazards to nothing. The solid matrix with physicochemical adsorption function has a buffering effect, such as vermiculite, peat, and the like. Solid substrates with this function are often referred to as active substrates. The inorganic solid matrix used in soilless culture production has a weak buffering effect and the root system has poor physical and chemical stability, and requires the producer to treat it to maintain good stability.
5, to provide nutrition. Organic solid matrices such as peat, coconut fiber, smoked charcoal, and late-matrix substrates can provide certain mineral nutrients for the crop during seedling or growth.
In short, it is required that the substrate used for soilless cultivation should not contain harmful and toxic substances that are not conducive to the growth and development of plants. It can provide good water, gas, fertilizer, heat, pH, and other conditions for the root system of plants. The role; but also to adapt to modern production and living conditions, easy to operate and standardized management.
6, not subject to land restrictions, a wide range of applications, as long as the establishment of greenhouses or greenhouses and places with water, soilless cultivation methods can be used to grow watermelon.
7, to overcome the continuous crop obstacles, watermelon most avoid continuous cropping, generally takes more than five years of rotation for dumping, but in the greenhouse or a fixed greenhouse can not be done. Soilless cultivation can be performed continuously by simply cleaning the cultivation bed or changing the substrate.

First of all, we must choose raw materials according to local conditions. There are many materials used for the fermentation substrate, such as garden deciduous, dry branches, straw, sawdust, bark and so on. Users can choose easily available materials according to local conditions. Landscaping companies with good conditions often use pulverizers to disintegrate broken wood, weeds, dead branches and rotten leaves as excellent raw materials for fermentation substrates.
Second, strict selection of high-quality ecological matrix starter. If you do not use the original fermenter to ferment naturally, it takes more than one year, and the fermentation is not complete, it can not meet the production needs of modern society and the quality is difficult to guarantee. Users should select high-performance well-known manufacturers such as Jinbao matrix nutrient soil fermentation agent, faster than the original method, better, more cost-effective, more labor-saving provinces, effectively improve the physical and chemical properties of soil and living conditions of soil microorganisms to ensure the normal growth and development of plants, so that Plants have fewer diseases, less dead seedlings, better looks, and simple user maintenance. This not only saves costs, but also creates their own brand and creates better economic benefits. Jinbao matrix nutrient soil starter has been widely applied in Shanghai, Beijing, Henan, Xinjiang and other provinces. The operation is simple and the effect is remarkable. It is well received by users.
Finally, strictly control the operation. The moisture content of the material must be controlled at 60% to 65%. The method for judging moisture content is to grab a handful of material, see the watermark but not drip, and the floor can be dispersed. Fermentation reactors generally have a height of 1.5 meters, a width of 2 meters, a length of 2 meters or more, and a total volume of not less than 3 cubic meters. After the start of the fermentation process, the temperature can be raised to 60 degrees in about one week. At this time, it needs to be turned once. The accumulation can be completed 2 or 3 times. During the fermentation process, the water should be properly replenished according to the specific conditions. The material after fermentation is soft, brittle, and can be used after being dried.
Soilless Substrate Cultivation According to different plant flower seedlings, such as grass flower, wood flower, foliage plant, multi-plasma plant, annual, perennial, perennial, bulbous, etc., different cultivation methods should be adopted (potted, grounded, and soilless) Etc., etc., to support the Golden Borb Matrix Substrate Fermentation, in order to prepare an ideal flower seedlings cultivation matrix, improve plant nutrient absorption and utilization, and ensure its healthy growth. Details can be consulted: Beijing Huaxia Kangyuan Technology Co., Ltd. Tel Free Hotline Taobao Buy Click

Recommended reading:
1. Standard for applying fermented substrate nutrient soil to Dendrobium candidum
2. Rice shells make use of fermentation to make substrate nutrition soil

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