How can contaminated soil repair the efficacy and function of soil conditioners?
Farmland soil has always been an important resource related to the national economy and the people's livelihood. The world's 7% of cultivated land feeds 22% of the world's population. It can be seen that protecting cultivated land is the current top priority. However, the total area of ​​soil degradation caused by soil erosion, salinization, swamping, soil fertility attenuation and soil pollution and acidification in China during the year is about 460 million hectares, accounting for 40% of the total land area of ​​the country. According to the survey bulletin of the Ministry of Agriculture and the Ministry of Environmental Protection, the overall quality of cultivated land in the country is in the “four three two†state of “40% degradation, 30% inferior quality, and 20% pollutionâ€. The quality of cultivated land is worrying, the red line of cultivated land is almost lost, and the health of protecting the soil is imminent.
Multi-faceted pollution increases soil pressure
At this stage, the main problems of farmland soil are reflected in acidification, salinization, heavy metal pollution, elemental imbalance, and loss of organic matter.
It is understood that acidification is an important aspect of the process of soil weathering into soil. The sources of acidification in the soil mainly cause large loss of alkaline salts such as calcium, magnesium and potassium due to the large amount of precipitation and concentrated leaching. In addition, the lack of traditional agricultural measures makes the soil nutrient imbalance in the cultivated land and the long-term application of ammonium fertilizer containing ammonium. These causes the soil to acidify, the organic matter content in the soil decreases, and the buffer capacity decreases.
If not remedied in time, a lot of nutrients in the soil will be lost, the soil will become poor, soil is sticky, soil compaction, soil fertility will decline; the root system will be inhibited by crops, and the roots of black roots will not be white root soil. The aluminum in the soil is released from the stable state, resulting in the aggregation of aluminum, the aluminum poisoning of the roots, the withering of the plants, the reduction of crop yields and the death of aquatic organisms, and the quality is degraded;
Serious acidification also inhibits the reproduction of certain soil microorganisms, hinders the growth of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, bacteria and actinomycetes, and exacerbates soil-borne diseases. In addition, heavy metal pollution is also a major problem in the well-known soil. Nowadays, the pollution that crops need to pay attention to is mainly cadmium in the south and arsenic in the north.
The main sources of heavy metals are atmospheric dry and wet deposition (dust, precipitation), unreasonable use of agricultural materials, solid waste, sewage or irrigation with heavy metal water, and the harm caused by it is immeasurable, not only weakening and inhibiting Nitrification and ammoniation of bacteria in the soil affects the supply of nitrogen; it can also cause physiological dysfunction and malnutrition of plants;
Reduce the quality of crops, affect microbial activity in the soil; be bioaccumulated through the food chain to produce biomagnification. At the moment, food safety incidents caused by heavy metal pollution in the soil occur frequently.
For the Hunan cadmium rice incident that occurred in the past, the industry has attached great importance to it. The high enrichment of cadmium in some crops is an important cause of cadmium pollution. According to research, amaranth, ramie, rice, tobacco, sunflower, rapeseed, etc. are all crops with high enrichment characteristics for cadmium.
For the same crop, the absorption of cadmium by different varieties is also different. Taking rice as an example, hybrid rice is more sensitive to cadmium than conventional rice, and the cadmium content of hybrid rice brown rice is 33.72% more than that of conventional rice. Silicon fertilizer has a significant inhibitory effect on the absorption of cadmium in rice. When the amount of silicon fertilizer is as high as 60 tons/ha, there is no obvious adverse effect on the growth and yield of rice.
Farmland soils are all alive, and improved methods should be used in time for problems. Improve the physical environment, improve soil texture, structural conditions, porosity, moisture and temperature conditions; improve crop nutrients, add organic nutrients, inorganic minerals and other ingredients to improve storage capacity; improve chemical environment, adjust pH, soil Salt Amount, improve cation adsorption and exchange performance, control the content of toxic substances. This requires soil conditioners to improve the physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil.
Soil conditioners are "good medicines" for improving soil
The main role of soil conditioners is to improve soil structure, break the knot, increase its gas permeability, regulate soil pH, reduce soil salinity, supplement soil nutrients, improve fertilizer utilization, promote high yield and quality of crops, improve soil moisture, and inhibit Harmful bacteria, repair contaminated soil.
Soil conditioners can be divided into seven categories: natural minerals, agricultural waste, organic fertilizers, urban and domestic waste, industrial by-products, biomass and artificial polymers. In recent years, the soil conditioner industry has been active, new raw materials, new processes, and new products have been continuously introduced, but difficulties have also been encountered in the development, such as the potential risk of pollutants being large, and the possibility of secondary pollution caused by products;
The quality control system is imperfect, the evaluation technology system is incomplete, the evaluation mechanism is not in place; the product technology level is not high, and the process quality is unstable; at this stage, the market awareness of soil conditioners is still in a fuzzy stage, in the future product promotion level. Still needs to be improved. At present, many problems in the soil conditioner industry need to be improved, and it is necessary for the industry to jointly offer their opinions.
A good understanding of the role of soil conditioners can help the soil move towards a healthy stage. Insufficient and low quality of cultivated land in China is the biggest obstacle to increase agricultural production, and soil conditioning is one of the important means to improve the quality of cultivated land. It can be seen that the status of cultivated land provides a market for the development of soil conditioners, with the country on the cultivated land. The quality and safety, food security and quality of agricultural products have increased, and the development prospects of soil conditioners are getting better and better.
However, it is worth noting that soil conditioning and remediation also require a relatively long process. Unlike the use of compound fertilizers, it will increase production and income soon. The effect will generally take many years to fully manifest itself. The development of soil conditioners should strengthen source control, heavy metals, The content of harmful substances must meet the requirements of relevant national standards, and materials that may contaminate farmland should not be selected as soil conditioner products.
Moreover, it is necessary to make full use of cheap natural resources, to develop nearby, and to apply nearby; to use the principle of discovering soil problems, when the soil has acid, alkali, salt, phytotoxicity, fertilizer or soil internal materials Soil conditioning agents can be used when production symptoms appear; to enhance tracking and evaluation, effects and hazards require long-term quantitative monitoring.
In fact, the soil conditioner industry has made rapid progress in the rapid development of agriculture. The three kinds of soil conditioners of mineral source, organic source and chemical source have a production capacity of only 1.01 million tons in 2013, but it has reached 2.74 million tons. It has nearly doubled in two years.
As of April 2015, there were a total of 75 soil conditioner registration products. The compound soil conditioner with good effect, low price, good eco-environment effect and multi-functionality is the development direction of future products. For fertilizer producers, how to combine the use of fertilizer and soil conditioner is worth considering in the future.
This article URL: How can soiled soil conditioners restore the efficacy and function of soil conditioners?
Oyster Sauce,Oyster Sauce Seasoning,Qualified Oyster Sauce,Premium Oyster Sauce
Chinese Seasoning (Shandong) Trading Co.,Ltd , https://www.zt-trading.com