High-yield and High-efficiency Cultivation Techniques of Zikui 2 onion
After three years of trials and demonstrations, Zikui No. 2 new onion variety has gradually developed suitable cultivation techniques suitable for the high-yielding characteristics of the variety. The key point of the technique is to cultivate seedlings planted in due time, grade the seedlings when planting, and plant leaves. Cong Wang's long-term focus on fertilizer and timely prevention of pests and diseases.
First, planting seedlings
1. Nursery seedlings: Choose arable land with loose soil and fertile farmland, apply 10kg/? into the organic fertilizer that is decomposed and crushed, and strictly prohibit the use of chemical fertilizers. After loosening and leveling, make a width of 1m and a length of not more than 10m.
2. Sowing period: In late August and early September, the central and southern parts of the province are suitable sowing dates. Other regions can refer to the traditional onion safe sowing period.
3, the amount of seeding: cultivation per acre need to prepare 500g seedlings breeding seedlings per 10? broadcast 50g seeds.
4, sowing methods: (1) dry broadcast method: the sorghum into a shallow ditch, the seed evenly sow the seeding surface after sowing the seeds once into the soil, step on the water after the solid. (2) Wet sowing method: first watering, sow seeds after water infiltration, cover fine soil 1cm thick, dry-sowing method labor-saving, wet sowing method is neat and uniform.
5. Sanshui Qimiao: The second water must be poured on the first 4-5 days after sowing, and the third water must be poured on the first 8-9 days after the buds are exposed.
6. Seedling management: pour a small water every 7-10 days, pull out a small grass, thick seedlings, seedlings, 3-4cm from the seedlings, when there is a locust infestation, appropriate amount of phoxim should be irrigated when watering, autumn Nursery plots pay attention to prevention and control of gray mold, try to prevent re-infection of the disease, 30 days after the seedlings can be followed by a small amount of urea and spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate, strong seedlings standard is: before planting a single plant weight 6-8g, false The stem is about 0.8cm thick, about 30cm high, and 3-4 true leaves, with dark green leaves.
7, special years: more rainy autumn, less sunshine, small seedlings, although not reach the standards of strong seedlings, still on time for planting.
First, colonization
1. Time of planting: Mid-South and late October to early November are suitable for planting period. The pre-winter planting area can be specifically determined after the planting time is 7-10 days after planting, and it is forbidden to be planted in spring; otherwise, it will cause great Yields are reduced, and alpine regions that have been planted after freezing can be colonized immediately after soil thawing.
2. Preparation for Planting: After the big autumn crops are plucked, clean the roots and weeds immediately. Apply 4,000-5000 kg of organic fertilizer per acre or 1,000 kg of fermented chicken droppings. In addition, apply 100 mg of superphosphate per acre. Ammonium bicarbonate 50kg, potassium sulfate 30kg (KP used), or potassium sulfate compound fertilizer 60kg, fertilization is completed, plots to plowing, squeaking, smooth. According to the choice of film specifications made flat.
3, cover the film method: wet cover as well, the first well-ground water poured into the bottom of the foot, after the water seepage, the soil wetting when spraying herbicides, watering can not be sprayed first, the field can not collect water For spraying, choose the type of herbicide suitable for onion, use 33% of herbicide per acre, and use 100ml per acre. Also, weed herb film can be used to control weeds. When herbicide is sprayed, the speed should be uniform, and spraying can not be repeated. After spraying, it can be used. The advantages of the self-made laminator laminating film and wet-covered mulching film are: close to the ground, covering the prison, the membrane is not easy to break, the wind is not easy to blow open and blow, the film must be firmly clamped on both sides, the pressure is not strong, artificial auxiliary pressure Membrane about 6-7kg per acre, herbicide film 9-10kg, can also be used for dry film cover film cultivation, film cultivation can be harvested early for about 10 days, if the seedlings are too small when the special year of colonization, first colonization After the emergence of the seedlings, the seedlings were even covered, and when the spring returned to green, the seedlings were again exposed to the mulch.
4. Selection of seedlings: Shake off the root soil after seeding, select by seedling, eliminate weak seedlings with base roughness less than 0.5cm and seedlings larger than 1.2cm and no growth point and dwarf seedlings, use 0.5-0.7 seedlings. Calculate the level of cm, 0.8-1.2cm calculate the level of colonization.
5, colonization method: According to 15cm15cm row spacing, colonization, wet mulch film pre-punched in the membrane, hole depth 3cm diameter 1.5cm. When planting, the seedlings will be directly inserted into the holes, and the fingers shall be pressed to seal the holes, and the water shall be timely watered after the film is not covered or dried and the water shall be poured once again after 4-5 days.
Second, winter
Pre-winter planting areas must be irrigated before the local soil is frozen, must not be overwhelmed by the cover film over the winter, often in the winter to the ground to see if the film is firm, timely repair was blown by the wind, blown, blown In the film, areas where the plants are to be planted in the winter should be provided with windbreaks and antifreeze on the surface of the seedbeds, or the plants should be raised and lowered.
Third, after the return of green management
1. Watering and fertilizing: At the end of February and early March, the leaves begin to turn green and grow. At this time, they are watered once. In April, they enter the period of high growth of the leafy clumps. They are the top-dressing period with watering intervals of more than 20 days, and each time when watering. Topdressing urea 10-15kg, potassium sulphate 10kg, in early May the bulb into the expansion period, combined with water once again top-dressing, an acre topdressing urea 10kg, in order to improve onion storage, onion harvest 7 days before the stop watering.
2. Pest control
Pests that harm onions are mainly mantle and green onion thrips.
(1) Control of mantle: Earthworm larvae feed on bulbs, causing decay or yellowing of leaves, or even causing plant death. The people commonly known as onion "rotten hu" is caused by the invasion of soft rot pathogens after eating roots on the ground, in May. In the middle of the year, the mantle is endangered and the period of disease is moderate. The prevention and control measures are appropriate during the middle of April. The prevention and control methods include: 1) Combine 50% phoxim EC for 500 times with water, and irrigate root with streptomycin sulfate once every 10 days. Fill 2-3 times.
(2) Control of onion thrips: Thrips of thrips mainly damage the heart's leaves and leaves of the plants, causing the leaves to form many long-shaped yellow and white markings, affecting photosynthesis and causing a decrease in yield. Generally, they begin to occur in large numbers in May and begin to control in early April. Use 50% dimethoate EC, 50% phoxim EC 1000 times, or use 10% imidacloprid wettable powder; spray once every 10 days.
3, disease prevention
Disease at the seedling stage: The disease at the seedling stage of onion is currently mainly blight, with many soil bacteria, high humidity, and serious disease when young seedlings grow. The seedbed is low-temperature, densely planted and poorly ventilated. Insufficient light is conducive to disease. Pathogenic bacteria can spread and spread with rainwater, irrigation water, agricultural machinery, soil, and organic fertilizer with bacteria. Control methods: The site of the disease should not be used as a seedbed, a fine soil preparation for the nursery, the use of anaphase basal fertilizer without diseased residues, and strengthening the seedling management to maintain the soil dryness and humidity, and timely weeding and thinning. After a few seedlings appear on the seedbed, they must be pulled out in time and sprayed to protect against the spread of germs. Common agents include mancozeb, chlorothalonil, carbendazim and thiophanate-methyl.
The diseases that jeopardize the onion growth period are mainly downy mildew and gray mold.
(1) Control of downy mildew: It is necessary to prevent and control downy seedlings in the fall, and begin to control it in early spring in April, with 75% chlorothalonil 600 times solution, 58% metalaxyl manganese zinc 500 times, 70% mancozeb 500 Times of liquid, 64% anti-virus 500 times spraying, mancozeb Mn + + 600 times the liquid mildew prevention and control effect is also very good, prevention and control when the drug added to increase the efficiency of each barrel to increase adhesion, interval 5-7 Spray once a day, rotating medication or compound pesticides for continuous prevention and control more than 3 times, pay attention to the choice of sunny medication, especially in April light rain, the easiest outbreak of the disease must be timely prevention.
(2) control of gray mold: also known as gray rot, onion rickets, severe spring disease, from the beginning of April, use 50% chlorpyrifos WP 600 times; 50% carbendazim 500 times; 48 % of Botrytis lucidum 500 times liquid; 50% of nellione wettable powder 1000 times liquid prevention and control, spraying, increase the effectiveness of a bag per barrel, can improve the control effect, the above several pesticides should be used interchangeably, continuous control more than 3 times When spraying, the ground should also be sprayed to reduce the chance of mutual induction.
4. Preceding convulsions and double-headed treatment in spring: early in the autumn, the seedlings are too large, or they are warm in winter, which can easily lead to the early convulsions of some plants in spring. In this case, they can be removed from the underside of the calyx. Flower buds, bulbs can grow normally, will not affect the yield, found that when the field has a two-headed growth can remove one to let another head continue to grow.
5. Do not step on the plant: Some farmers in some places have the habit of stepping on the onion plant during the bulb growth period, thinking that stepping on it will promote the growth of onion bulbs. This is unscientific, but it will affect the normal nutrient. The operation resulted in a reduction of onion production and the plant was strictly prohibited from stepping down during production. The natural lodging of the plants marks the onset of maturity.
Fourth, harvest
When the lower leaves of the field plants are yellow, most of the natural plants can be harvested and harvested on sunny days. After drying, the dried epidermis is dried and stored or put on the market. If it is not harvested in time, it will cause deformed onions on the cracking balls, affecting the commercial nature. .
Organic barley grass powder is made from fresh young leaves of barley grass. It is one of the most nutrient-rich foods. It is rich in proteins and contains 20 amino acids, 12 vitamins, and 13 minerals. Its nutrition is similar to wheatgrass. Barley grass powder is easy to get the nutrition of this incredible green food. As early as 7000 BC, barley grass has been planted and consumed because it has many nutritional values. It is a complete food that provides balanced nutrition to the body through its alkalizing ingredients. It contains nearly 30 vitamins and minerals, including vitamins A, C, B1, B2, folic acid, and B12. Barley grass powder also contains chlorophyll, which helps to restore and replenish blood cells.
Barley Grass Powder,Organic Barley Grass Juice Powder,Organic Barley Grass,Barley Grass Juice Powder
Organicway (xi'an) Food Ingredients Inc. , https://www.organic-powders.com