Identification and Control of Rape Virus Disease
Rape virus disease, which is a serious disease affecting rapeseed production, can occur during the entire growth period. Generally, the disease field will reduce production by about 10%, and severe disease fields will reduce production by 20-30%. The earlier the disease, the more serious the damage. The disease is caused by invasive mosaic virus, rape mosaic virus, and tobacco mosaic virus. When rape is infested in cultivation, it manifests as two types, one is macular type and the other is two kinds of symptoms of necrotic spot. There are many macular types.
1, field identification:
(1), macular type: macular strains, leaf blade shrinkage at the seedling stage, first scattered nearly round yellow spots, after the brown spots appeared in the center of the macula, bolting period in the new leaves, resulting in dense faded green dots The front is yellow or yellow-green, with a small brown spot on the center of the yellow spots on the back, brown streaks on the stems and pods, dwarfing of the plants, twisting of the pods, and early loss of yellow leaves.
(2) Types of faeces: Types of fasciculated diseased plants, with brownish brown spots on the leaves at the seedling stage, obvious dead and dead on both sides of the leaves, and some brownish dead stripes on the petioles of the veins. The diseased plants are prone to death. After the stems, pedicels and stalks, brown streaks are produced.
The vectors for rape virus disease are mainly locusts (including peach aphid, radish sprouts, and Ganlan grasshoppers). The locust sucked on the pathogen host for 3-5 minutes, then it took the virus, and then transferred to the rape seedlings and sucked for 3-5 minutes. It passed on to the rape seedlings, especially the winged locusts. The activity was strong and the scope was more Canton is the main mediator of transmission. The virus can also be transmitted through the rubbing of diseased plants with healthy plants. Rape seedling stage is a susceptible period, and the occurrence of disease is closely related to climatic conditions and cultivation management. If the temperature is 15-20°C and relative humidity is less than 70%, it is beneficial to the breeding harm of locusts, accelerating the spread of virus, and applying nitrogen fertilizer. Too many fields and weeds in the field, and poorly drained fields are also affected.
2. Comprehensive prevention and control methods:
(1) Choose high-yield, disease-resistant cabbage varieties.
(2) Control of virus sources: The hosts of the virus are more. Besides cruciferous vegetables, there are weeds. The reason for the widespread occurrence of viral diseases is that there are sufficient toxic sources. Weeding field weeds should be used, and weeds should be used for manure reduction to reduce viral virus sources. This is the key to reducing the incidence of viral diseases.
(3) Elimination of viral vectors: viral vectors are aphids and should be eradicated vigorously.
1. Spraying at the seedling stage: The locust body is small, but it is also harmed on the back of the leaf. It is often neglected in the early stage. If spotted rape seedlings are then prevented, they have caused losses and must be used at the seedbed stage with 10% imidacloprid 2000-2500 times, or 20% matrine 1500 times spray, pay attention to the front and back are sprayed, to eliminate the young aphids.
2. Squirting medicine: When transplanting rapeseed, spray 2-3 days before transplanting, spray on the seedbed and spray with 10% imidacloprid 2000-2500 times, which can save dosage and delay Daejeon's seedling virus disease caused by aphid transmission.
3. Field trapping: Using the principle of yellow attracting locusts, using plastic film and wood to make the smash board, the board can be large or small, insert the board into the field, attach the film on the board, and use the yellow advertising powder to match the insecticide. The liquid medicine, coated on the film, can be directly trapped killing aphids, can be set 8-10 pieces of land, the board should be higher than the rape seedlings, 5-7 days painted a yellow liquid.
4. Continuous control: Aphid breeding ability is strong, winged stork may move from another place, Daejeon, seedling stage should be applied every 5-7 days to control aphid medicine, even spray 3-4 times to achieve Complete elimination of locusts. Without viral vectors, virus disease does not occur, rapeseed bedtime and Daejeon seedling period are not well controlled, and adult plants can also become popular.
(4) To plant plants in a reasonable and compact manner, strengthen the management of field fertilizer and water, enhance the resistance of plants, and reduce the damage.
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