Comprehensive Prevention and Cure Techniques of Disease and Pests
1. Viral disease: It is one of the major diseases of Tianyingjiao. The disease is mainly caused by the transmission of locusts. Damaged plants generally show mosaic, arbuscular, and yellowing types. Mosaic type: yellow and green mottled leaves appear on young leaves, the leaves are uneven, and the leaves are deformed and become smaller. Arbors: Plants are short, internodes shorter, leaves narrow and long, branchlets clustered, but not fallen. Yellowing type: The leaves turn yellow from bottom to top, falling leaves and falling fruit. It is prone to develop this disease in high temperature and dry weather, land drought, heavy cropping land, and early occurrence of aphid.
2. Epidemic diseases: Epidemic diseases are fungal diseases, which are the main diseases causing dead branches and dead trees in the field. Leaves, stems, and fruits can be infected. When the leaves are sick, they produce green round lesions, the edges are not obvious, and when the humidity is high, the lesions spread rapidly, resulting in soft rot of the leaves. Stem branches are susceptible to disease, and there are brown streaks that extend around the epidermis. The stem base often causes brown soft rot, sometimes covered with a layer of white frost. Infected pepper fruit, the formation of dark brown water spots, irregular lesions, and soon expanded to full fruit, dark green to dark brown, some of the pulp and seeds will also change color, when the humidity is large sparse White flocculent layer. High-temperature, high-humidity, heavy-planting disease is heavy.
3, anthrax: constant disease, is the main disease causing the field of defoliation. According to the field symptoms and different sources of infection, it can be divided into black, black spots and red anthrax three, the city mainly black anthrax, followed by red anthrax, black spots anthrax rare. Black anthrax leaves, fruits, stems can be susceptible, mostly old leaves and mature fruits, watery sensations appear in the leaves of the sag, there is irregular irregular ring pattern, dense black small particles, when the air is dry, the disease department The water becomes thin and easily broken. The stems are susceptible, the diseased brown irregularities are irregular, and the epidermis is easily broken. The spots appearing in red anthrax are mostly pink or red. High temperature and high humidity, water accumulation in the field, excessive density, and excessive nitrogen fertilizer are beneficial to the spread of the disease.
4, scab disease: also known as bacterial scab, mainly damage the leaves, stems, fruits. A number of round or irregular black-green to yellow-green spots appeared at the early stage of diseased leaves, sometimes with roten patterns, and the diseased area was unevenly raised, showing a scab-like appearance. The stems showed irregular streaks or plaques after infection. A round or oblong dark green lesion appears after the fruit has become infected.
5, sunburn: mainly occurs in the fruit, caused by strong light physiological disease. Through proper planting and intercropping of high stalk crops, disease occurrence can be prevented.
6. Insect pests: The main insect pests that damage the eagle pepper are maggots, cotton bollworms, beet armyworms, cabbage caterpillars, and so on. They may occur in late June and early September, and the damage is heavier in July and August.
Comprehensive prevention
1, strengthen field management
The practice of crop rotation or planting with corn can effectively reduce pests and diseases. Apply base fertilizer, increase potassium fertilizer, and enhance the plant's own disease resistance. After rain, attention should be paid to timely drainage, cultivating, and weeding to create conditions that are not conducive to disease epidemics.
2. Chemical control
Virus disease: early prevention and control of aphids, available 10% imidacloprid 1500 times spray. The disease was found to be sprayed with 20% virus A wettable powder 400 times fluid or 1.5% epidemiological emulsion 500 times liquid once every 7 days, even 2-3 times.
Blight: In time of onset, timely medication, 75% chlorothalonil WP 600x, 64% WP 400x, 72% EK 800x, 70% SON 400x, interval For 7 to 10 days, even if it is prevented 2-3 times, the disease epidemic can be effectively controlled.
Anthracnose: 75% chlorothalonil 600 times, 70% thiophanate-methyl 400 times, 80% anthrax 600-800 times, spray every 7-10 days, even 2-3 times.
Scab disease: timely spraying protection at the beginning of the disease, commonly used agents 72% of agricultural streptomycin or neomycin, 3000-4000 times liquid, once every 10 days, and even prevent 2-3 times.
Helicoverpa armigera, Spodoptera exigua, and Pieris rapae: One hundred strains of pests amounted to 10 in time. 52.25% of the farmland 1000 times liquid, high efficiency cypermethrin and phoxim 1:1 were mixed with 1000 times and sprayed.
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