Wilt Disease Comprehensive Control Technology of Brassica oleracea

Cabbage wilt is a devastating disease. The disease is mainly responsible for the chlorosis of cabbage, affecting the ball, and eventually withered. Obvious broken ridges and dead seedlings can be seen in the field of disease, and the yield loss is as high as 30% or more. Severely, it often destroys crops and harvests. It has become one of the most headache diseases for vegetable farmers in cabbage growing areas. Due to the disease of soil wilt and vascular bundles in the wilt disease system, the pathogenic bacteria of the chlamydospores are highly resistant to stress and have a long survival time in the soil. Agricultural measures and chemical control are not effective. Practice has proved that the use of disease-resistant varieties is a safe and economical way to control Fusarium wilt.

The comprehensive prevention and control technology of cabbage wilt disease integrates the use of disease-resistant varieties, combined with seed disinfection, disease-free seedling cultivation, clean gardens, mis-development of the disease during the epidemic period of transplanting and implementation of crop rotation and other supporting technologies. Its control of cabbage wilt disease has reached more than 90%, yield loss has been reduced to less than 5%, while reducing the use of chemical agents, reducing environmental pollution, and increasing the income of vegetable farmers. Its prevention and control techniques are as follows:

I. Planting resistant varieties

Planting disease-resistant varieties is the key measure to prevent cabbage wilt. Domestic varieties can use Zhong Gan 96 and Zhong Gan 18 cultivated by the Institute of Vegetables and Flowers of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences as the anti-wild wilt disease varieties. Rare, Green Taro, Xia Qiang and Bai Hui can be used for foreign varieties.

Second, strengthen seed treatment, the implementation of disease-free seedlings selection of disease-resistant varieties at the same time, we must pay attention to the cultivation of disease-free seedlings. The dressing and coating of cabbage seeds can prevent germs from spreading with seeds, and at the same time can be used as a protective barrier to prevent pathogens in the soil from infecting seed and seedlings. The 50% carbendazim wettable powder with a seed quality of 0.3% can be used. Seed or seed coating treatment with 2.5% seed quality seed coating at 3% of the seed quality can, to a certain extent, control the occurrence of disease hazards.

Select a cruciferous crop that has never been cultivated or that has never experienced cabbage wilt disease. Before planting, the seedling bed is planted and loosened. The appropriate amount of base fertilizer is applied or a suitable amount of urea is applied as a base fertilizer, and the necessary pharmaceutical treatment is performed. . The appropriate amount of carbendazim or thiophanate-methyl or 30% wither wilt spirit, green heng 1 and green heng 2 were applied to the soil surface of the boring machine. After mixing, the seeds were sowed directly on the boring bed to reduce the damage of the disease. degree.

Third, strengthen field management

The seedlings are moderate to prevent soil drought during the seedling stage. In case of drought in the seedling stage, the ground temperature is too high, water temperature should be reduced, and the roots should develop normally. Clean up the pastoral areas in time to remove the diseased plants and diseased bodies in the former and field crops, and prevent them from spreading in farm fields or become a source of disease infestation. In hot season, the sick can be piled up in direct sunlight and then covered with plastic film. The sun can be used to raise the temperature under the thin film until the entire body of the disease rots, thus killing the germs, which helps to control the disease in the field. Harm and spread.

Fourth, implement rotation prevention

Rotation can control soil-borne diseases to some extent. It is recommended that non-cruciferous vegetables (such as Cucurbitaceae, Solanaceae, etc.) be selected for rotation for more than three years to reduce the accumulation of Fusarium in soil caused by continuous cropping and to control the occurrence of disease hazards.

Fifth, adjust the transplant period, avoid the peak of development

The peak incidence of cabbage wilt in the north of China is concentrated from June to September. Therefore, proper early sowing of spring cabbage and appropriate delayed sowing of autumn cabbage can avoid the peak of the incidence of fusarium wilt and reduce the damage of fusarium wilt to cabbage.

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